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Understanding Spinal Cord Circuitry and Reflexes for Muscle Control

Explore the intricate spinal anatomy, sensory-motor circuitry, reflex arcs, and how cortical connections shape reflex behaviors for coordinated muscle movements. Discover the adaptability of reflexes in different contexts.

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Understanding Spinal Cord Circuitry and Reflexes for Muscle Control

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  1. The basic reflex arc and spinal cord circuitry

  2. Basic Spinal Anatomy Transversal cut of the spinal cord

  3. Basic Spinal Anatomy Muscle spindles Motoneurons targetting muscles Golgi tendon organs Soma of the motoneurons Sensory information Tactile, pain, thermic receptors on the skin

  4. How is the sensory-motor circuitry organized? ? Sensory input Motor output

  5. Stretch reflex • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections

  6. Stretch reflex • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections • Simplify the commands from higher levels necessary to control of voluntary movements • Corticospinal connexions can modulate the reciprocal connectivity

  7. Stretch reflex • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections • Simplify the commands from higher levels necessary to control of voluntary movements • Corticospinal connexions can modulate the reciprocal connectivity

  8. Withdrawal reflex • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections • Simplify the commands from higher levels necessary to control of voluntary movements • Corticospinal connexions can modulate the reciprocal connectivity • Cross-connections • Coordination necessary for the control of posture

  9. Vertical Connections • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections • Simplify the commands from higher levels necessary to control of voluntary movements • Corticospinal connexions can modulate the reciprocal connectivity • Cross-connections • Coordination necessary for the control of posture

  10. Convergence of sensory informations • Reciprocal innervation and synergist connections • Simplify the commands from higher levels necessary to control of voluntary movements • Corticospinal connexions can modulate the reciprocal connectivity • Cross-connections • Coordination necessary for the control of posture • Convergence of sensory input

  11. Are reflexes streotyped ? Corticospinal connections can shape the reflexes in order to adapt to different contexts

  12. Conclusion Spinal cord circuitry forms the infrastructure that is exploited by supraspinal areas in order to coordinat different muscle The input output relation is far from a streotyped relation Since it can be shaped in order to adapt to the behavioral states of the organism

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