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WHAT CAUSES CLIMATE

WHAT CAUSES CLIMATE. Weather refers to the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. Climate refers to the average, year to year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area. Two main factors of a climate are temperature and precipitation.

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WHAT CAUSES CLIMATE

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  1. WHAT CAUSES CLIMATE

  2. Weather refers to the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. • Climate refers to the average, year to year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area. • Two main factors of a climate are temperature and precipitation.

  3. FACTORS AFFECTING TEMPERATURE • Latitude: Based on latitude, Earth’s surface can be divided into three temperature zones; Tropical, temperate, and polar. • Tropical receives direct sunlight all year round, making the climate warm.

  4. At the polar zones the sun’s rays hit at a lower angle producing a cold climate. • In the summer, the sun’ rays hit the temperate zone more directly producing a warm climate. In the winter, the sun’s rays strike at a lower angle producing a cold climate.

  5. Altitude: Highland areas everywhere have cool climates, no matter what their latitude. • Temperature decreases 6.5 Celsius degrees for every 1 kilometers.

  6. DISTANCE FROM LARGE BODIES OF WATER • Water heats up and cools down more slowly, therefore, winds from the ocean keep coastal regions in relatively mild climates called Marine climates. • The centers of continents have more extreme temperatures. Cold in the winter and hot in the summer. This is called a Continental climate.

  7. OCEAN CURRENTS • Warm currents bring warm water toward the poles and cold currents bring cold water to the equator. • Warm currents bring warm air to the land it touches and cold currents bring cool air to the land it touches

  8. FACTORS AFFECTING PRECIPITATION • Main factors affecting precipitation are the prevailing winds and the presence of mountains. • Prevailing winds are the directional winds that usually blow in a region. • A mountain range in the path of a prevailing wind can influence where precipitation falls

  9. Windward is the side of the mountain that faces the oncoming wind. • Leeward is the downward side of the mountain. MICROCLIMATE: • A small area with specific climate conditions.

  10. THE SEASONS • The seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis as Earth travels around the sun. • How much Earth tilts and how direct the sun’s rays are determines which season a hemisphere is having.

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