ADVANCING VOCABULARY SKILLS

1. ADVANCINGVOCABULARY SKILLS Chapter 24

2. Unit Four: Chapter 24 • -cian, -ian • oct-, octo- • dec- • -ous • duc, duct • phil, -phile • -en • sur- • homo- • vol

3. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 1-cian, -ian •A politicianmust be a specialist both in getting elected and in governing. •To become a librarian, Lian had to complete the course work in library science and also be an intern in a library during the summer. The word part -cian or -ian means A. a similarity. B. a person with expertise. C.made of. A person who is a specialist is a person with expertise. Lian’s course work and internship made him a person with expertise in library science.

4. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 2dec- •Another name for the Ten Commandments is the Decalogue. •Around 800 A.D., the Hindus invented the modern decimalsystem, a number system based on 10. The word part dec- means A. eight. B. having a certain knowledge. C.ten. In the first item, the word ten tells you the meaning of the word part dec. In the second sentence, if the decimal number system is based on 10, dec must mean “ten.”

5. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 3duc-, duct •The ducalpalace was the residence of the duke—the leader of his subjects. •When my father listens to classical music on the radio, he often swings his arms as if he’s conductingthe orchestra. The word part duc- or duct means A. to lead. B. to be marked by. C.to be above. Air conditioning ducts The word leader suggests that the word part duc- means “to lead.” The father swings his arms as if he’s leading the orchestra.

6. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 4-en •Chen can’t wear a woolensweater over bare skin. The scratchy wool drives him crazy. •When the archaeologists opened the tomb of the ancient Egyptian king, they found dozens of goldenbowls, necklaces, and bracelets. The word part -en means A. same as. B. attracted to. C.made of. Woolen sweaters are made of wool. Golden bowls are made of gold.

7. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 5homo- •The people working at the store are a fairly homogeneous group. They’re all in their early 20s, they’ve all had a year or two of college, and they’re all single. • Nowadays many homosexualsare more open about their lifestyles. They don’t mind if people know they prefer same-sex relationships. The word part homo- means A. different. B.alike. C.loving. The description of the people working at the store indicates that the workers are all pretty much alike. In the second item, the word same suggests that the word part homo means “alike.”

8. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 6oct-, octo- •An octagonis a geometrical figure with eight sides and eight angles. •An octopushas eight arms; that may seem like a lot, but a squid has ten. The word part oct- or octo- means A. eight. B.ten. C.above. In both items, the word eight tells you the meaning of the word part oct-orocto-. An octave on a piano

9. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 7-ous •Marla dreams of having great fame, but she has no idea what she wants to be famousfor. •Tomas is very seriouslately. He seems to be full of deep thoughts. The word part -ous means A. characterized by. B.loving. C.beyond. If Marla has dreams of great fame, she wants to be characterized by fame. Someone who is serious is characterized by deep and earnest thought.

10. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 8phil, -phile •Philadelphiais often called the “city of brotherly love.” •Martin is a complete Anglophile. He adores English accents, clothes, music, manners, and cars, saying they’re superior to anything on this side of the ocean. The word part phil or -phile means A. above. B.love. C.before. In the first item, the word love tells you the meaning of the word part phil. In the second item, an Anglophile is a person who adores or loves everything English.

11. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 9sur- •Siri polished the surfaceof the table until it shone like glass. •Once our chickens started laying eggs, we had such a surplusthat we were giving away dozens of extra eggs to our neighbors. The word part sur- means A.choose. B.support. C.over. The surface of the table is the top—the part that is over the rest of the table. A surplus is an amount over what is needed.

12. TEN WORD PARTS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning of the word part based on the boldfaced words. 10vol •Many retirees offer their talents as volunteersin their communities, nationwide, and even throughout the world. •According to the defense attorney, the defendant’s confession was made under force, but the police and the prosecutor said that it had been voluntary. The word part vol means A.by choice. B.without payment. C.with skill. Volunteers offer their talents by choice. In the second item, if the defendant wasn’t forced to confess, he made his confession by choice.

13. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 1. Doing something on one’s own ( . . . ition) ___ means doing it by choice, of one’s own free will. 2. Ralph sprayed a protective coating over the (wood . . .) ___ fence so that it wouldn’t be eaten by termites.

14. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 1. Doing something on one’s own __________ means doing it by choice, of one’s own free will. volition The words by choice tell you the word part vol is needed. 2. Ralph sprayed a protective coating over the __________ fence so that it wouldn’t be eaten by termites. wooden Termites would eat a fence made of wood.

15. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 3. If Ana’s pain isn’t better by tomorrow, she really should see a (physic . . . ) ___. 4. The ( . . . athlon) ___ is an athletic competition made up of ten events. 5. In 2009, a California woman became instantly famous when she gave birth to ( . . . uplets) ___—six boys and two girls.

16. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 3. If Ana’s pain isn’t better by tomorrow, she really should see a __________. physician Ana needs a person with a certain kind of knowledge to cure her pain. 4. The __________ is an athletic competition made up of ten events. decathlon If the competition is made up of ten events, it must be a decathlon. 5. In 2009, a California woman became instantly famous when she gave birth to __________—six boys and two girls. octuplets If the woman gave birth to eight children, she had octuplets.

17. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 6. A(n) ( . . . phone) ___ is a word that’s pronounced the same as another word. Examples are the words hear and here. 7. An (aque . . . ) ___ is a channel for bringing water from one place to another. The water is usually drawn along by gravity.

18. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 6. A __________ is a word that’s pronounced the same as another word. Examples are the words hear and here. homophone The word same tells you the word part homo- is needed. 7. An __________ is a channel for bringing water from one place to another. The water is usually drawn along by gravity. aqueduct The words drawn along suggest that the word part duct (“to lead”) is needed.

19. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 8. The wealthy woman was a true ( . . . anthropist) ___; out of love for her fellow humans, she made generous donations to many causes. 9. If the theater department wants this semester’s play to (. . . pass) ___ last semester’s in attendance, it will have to run an extra night, since both nights were sold out last semester. 10. The disappearance of twenty dollars from my wallet is (mysteri . . .) __. I’m sure the wallet was in my pocket all day.

20. SENTENCE CHECK 1 Complete each italicized word with the correct word part from the box. A. -cian, -ian B. dec- C. duc, duct D. -en E. homo- F. oct-, octo- G. -ous H. phil, -phile I. sur- J. vol 8. The wealthy woman was a true _____________; out of love for her fellow humans, she made generous donations to many causes. philanthropist The word love suggests that the word part phil is needed. 9. If the theater department wants this semester’s play to __________ last semester’s in attendance, it will have to run an extra night, since both nights were sold out last semester. surpass Only if the play runs an extra night can the attendance go over the attendance last semester. 10. The disappearance of twenty dollars from my wallet is __________. I’m sure the wallet was in my pocket all day. mysterious The disappearance under such circumstances is full of mystery.