Advanced Networking: Issues and Future

1. Advanced Networking:Issues and Future Dae Young KIM Aug. 23, 2003 dykim@{anf.ne.kr; cnu.ac.kr} dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

2. Contents • Part I: Network Technology Evolution • Where We Are • Lessons • What’s Next • Part II: Deployments and Applications • Global Advanced Networks • Cyber Infrastructure • E-Science • Third Wave dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

3. Part I:Network Technology Evolution dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

4. Where We Are (I) • IP as Ultimate Internetworking Glue • IP over Everything • Everything over IP • Hourglass vs Wineglass By Steve Deering dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

5. Where We Are (II) • Ethernet as Winning Link Technology • Ethernet Everywhere • WLAN = Wireless Ethernet? • IP + Ethernet for Data • Not perfect for QoS Streams(Voice, Audio, Video) • Just right for non-QoS(quasi-QoS or CoS) • QoS possible for a few sessions dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

6. Lesson: Keep it Simple and Stupid • Simple is the best • Internet vs OSI • Ethernet vs ATM • End-to-End Argument • Keep network simple/stupid and • Put Intelligence at edges/ends • Don’t build in the core anything that can be built at edges/ends dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

7. Lesson: Flexible vs Conservative • Protocol • Be flexible in what you receive • Be conservative in what you send • Example: TCP • Network • Be flexible in what you adopt • Be conservative in what you abandon • Examples: Magnetic, Modem, Copper, ... • Future examples: Ethernet, IP, ATM, ... dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

8. Lessons: More • Convergence • Data + Voice • Wired + Wireless • Dream Not Come True? • Extremely difficult to put new functions/features in the Infra • Layer independence • Need new assessment dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

9. What’s Next? • Internetworking issue over: IP • Applications, Services! • Middleware, Web Services, GRID, … • Wireless: Just last hop • Mobility, Security, QoS • Physical, Medium; Still evolving • Long way yet to the Netopia? • We’re in the low tide. dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

10. Issues Yet Pending • QoS • Multicast; Group Communications • Mobility • Security • Which layer? • Not IP? Link? Application? • Wireless dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

11. QoS(I) • Different Ideas about QoS • Security, Static BW, • Rigorous Definition of QoS • Reliability • Throughput • Dynamic thru Quasi-dynamic • Delay, (Delay) Jitter dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

12. QoS(II) • Back to the Basics/Principles(KISS) • Circuit for QoS • Packet for Data • Don't mix up • Circuit over Packet? • ATM, PWE, etc., … • Packet over Circuit! dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

13. MM QoS PKT SAND QoS(III) • Circuit over Packet dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

14. And More • Multicast • Not at the IP layer? • At the Application Layer? • Overlay Multicast, CDN • At the Link or Physical Layer? • Mobility • Fast enough? Where? • Security • Mature? Convenient? dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

15. Part II:Deployments and Applications dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

16. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Global Advanced Networks Internet2 CII/NSF GEANT/EU eScience/UK APAN CII-K/ANF

17. nGbps nMbps APII, A3I Links Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) APII-2 Link GEANT (to Paris) 10Gbps ANF Vision of Future Distributed HUB Korea TEIN TransPAC Japan 45Mbps 622Mbps * 2 China NEA Hub Internet2 /STAR TAP (to Chicago) Myanmar Vietnam Thailand Philippines SEA Hub Malaysia Singapore Indonesia Oceania Hub Australia

18. Distributed Cluster– Proposal North East Asia Cluster (JP, KR,…) Japan North America Europe Korea USA China • Taiwan Hong Kong Philippines Thailand Vietnam Malaysia • Sri Lanka Singapore Indonesia South East Asia Cluster (MY, TH,…) Oceania Cluster (AU, ,…) Access Point Exchange Point • Australia

19. IEEAF: APAN Opportunities IEEAF: 622 Mbps POS +10 Gbps l AARNet dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

20. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Cyberinfrastructure (NSF) 연구 교육을 위한 특수지식환경 (Grid community, e-Science community, virtual community) 교육훈련 및 프로젝트 어플리케이션 High Performance Computational services Data, Information, Knowledge Management services Observation, Measurement, Fabrication services Interfaces, Visualization services Collaboration services Networking, Operating System, Middleware Base Technology: computation, storage, communication dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr} = Cyberinfrastructure : hardware, software, service, personnel, organization

21. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Components of CI-enabled science & engineering High-performance computing for modeling, simulation, data processing/mining Humans Instruments for observation and characterization. Individual & Global Connectivity Group Interfaces Physical World & Visualization Facilities for activation, manipulation and Collaboration construction Services Knowledge management institutions for collection building and curation of data, information, literature, digital objects

22. Streams of Activity Converging in a CI Initiative Collaboratories CI-enabled Science & Engineering Research & Education GRIDS (broadly defined) E-science Specific disciplinary projects (not using above labels)

23. Futures:The Computing Continuum Smart Objects Petabyte Archives Ubiquitous Sensor/actuator Networks National Petascale Systems Responsive Environments Collaboratories Terabit Networks Laboratory Terascale Systems Contextual Awareness Ubiquitous Infosphere Building Up Building Out Science, Policy and Education dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

24. Cyberinfrastructure Opportunities NVO and ALMA Climate Change ATLAS and CMS LIGO The number of nation-scale projects is growing rapidly! dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}

25. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Third Wave of the Internet The first wave - text and data services such as e-mail and FTP The second wave - the web which improved ease of use and facilitated the transfer of images, sound and video The third wave - integration of grids - p2p networking - open source - distributed computing enabled by next generation web services, semantic web and high speed networks

26. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) The network is subservient to the computer The application is tightly bound to the OS Today’s Network Network Application Application User User OS OS The network is a mechanism for applications to communicate with each other Data Data

27. Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Application and data exist on the network and are uncoupled from any specific machine or location Third Wave Network Third Wave Third Wave Network OS OS The computer is subservient to the network Application and Data Third Wave Third Wave Third Wave Third Wave OS OS OS OS Data Data Data Data

28. Data Complexity Semantic Web Third Wave Web Services Classical Grid Computational Complexity Advanced Network Forum (http://anf.ne.kr) Grids - Third Wave -Web Source: Toney Hey UK eScience Grid

29. Conclusion • IP, Optical, Wireless • Low Tide in Networking Research • Yet Long Way to the Netopia • Chances for the Innovative • Information Infrastructure • The Third Wave dykim@{cnu.ac.kr; anf.ne.kr}