Battery research laboratory (I-149) at NSLS

1. Battery research laboratory (I-149) at NSLS • The battery research laboratory located at room 1-149 at National Synchrotron Light Source is dedicated to the lithium battery research utilizing synchrotron based in situ X-ray techniques.  Equipments - Glove box (VAC, OMNI-LAB) : battery cell assembly. - Stationary 16-channel battery cycler (Bio-Logic, LLC, VMP3) : electrochemical tests of battery cell. - Potable single channel battery cycler (Bio-Logic, LLC, VSP) : in situ experiments at beam lines. • For use of the battery research lab., please fill out the application form (download here) and submit it to Dr. Kyung-Wan Nam (knam@bnl.gov, 631-344-3202) and Dr. Jun Wang (junwang@bnl.gov, 631-344-2661) via email.

2. Glove Box for cell assembly OMNI-LAB Glovebox System (VACUUM ATMOSPHERES COMPANY)  The OMNI-LAB provides a complete glovebox system with integrated purifier, controls, display and stand.The manual isolation, antechamber, and purge valves provide easy one hand reliable operation.  Specifications Inert atmosphere (Ar) with less than 1ppm O2 and H2O level.  Mini Antechamber for quick sample transfer.  Easy operation with touch panel control.  O2 and H2O analyzer with LCD display.  Interface: 9 Pin-D feed thru for electrically connects instruments into a glovebox, BNC type feed thru, 5-way binding posts feed thru. Quick user guide for for glove box use (link)

3. Quick user guide for glove box (OMNI-LAB SYSTEM) This glove box can only be used for assembling/de-assembling lithium-ion battery cells. Glove box pressure control  Before using, the low limit pressure needs to be set to -1.0” by pressing PRESSURE LIMITS key on the touch screen first then DEC or INC key to adjust pressure shown on the right.  The work pressure can be adjusted between the low and high pressure limits by footswitch.  When finished, low limit pressure should be set back to +1.0”. Antechamber evacuate/refill procedure Only the mini antechamber can be used!  When transferring tools and materials into glove box through mini antechamber, both the antechamber doors must be closed!  The antechamber atmosphere can be made inert by using one of the following combinations of evacuation & refill times and cycles: - 1 cycle, 10 to 15minutes or - 2 cycles, 3 to 5 minutes each, or - 3 cycles, 1 to 2 minutes each Evacuate/refill valve for mini antechamber Important ▪ Everything that you transfer into the glove box needs to be dried first. ▪ Chemicals (except electrodes and electrolytes) are not allowed to be transfer into the glove box unless authorized. ▪ Please keep the glove box clean and neat. Temporarily used tools and samples should be removed from the glove box after the use. If there is any question, please contact Kyung-Wan Nam (knam@bnl.gov, #3202) or Jun Wang (junwang@bnl.gov, #2661).

4. Battery cyclers (Potentiostat/Galvanostat, Bio Logic Inc.) Stationary multi-channel battery cycler Potable single channel battery cycler  Specifications Current ranging from 1nA up to 400mA with a 760 pA resolution. 20V adjustable reference voltage.  Resolution: 300 µV programmable down to 5 µV by adjusting the dynamic range.  Acquisition time: 20 µs.  No limit in time and data recording.  Specifications  Maximum 16 channels.  One Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) channel.  Equivalent specification on each channels to the VSP.

5. Available in situ X-ray techniques for battery research Various types of in situ battery cells In situ XAS set up In situ cell coin cell type In situ cell • In situ high resolution X-ray diffraction (X14A, X18A) : Crystalline structure • In situ small angle X-ray scattering (X27C) : Particle size & shape in nm scale • In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (X18A, X18B) : Local and electronic structure (up to ~10Å) (e.g., valance state, coordination number, bond length and disorder) • Provide various combinations of in situ X-ray techniques to better understand the structure-property relationship of lithium battery materials.