Sparganosis ( 裂头蚴病 )

1. Sparganosis (裂头蚴病) 主讲：石树端 组员：石树端、周宇峰、张森、刘彦辉 吕志成

2. Sparganosis (裂头蚴病)

3. Spirometra mansoni 曼氏迭宫绦虫 • Larvae called Sparganum(裂头蚴）. • Adults called Spirometra mansoni, living in small intestine. Geographic distribution（地理分布） • mainly in southeast Asia, Africa, Australia also has reported. • Hainan, guangdong, fujian province for high-risk areas.

4. Spirometra mansoni 曼氏迭宫绦虫

5. Host range and habitat • Intermediate host（中间宿主）：copepod（剑水蚤） snake、 tadpoles（蝌蚪） • Paratenic host（转续宿主）：snake、birds、human. • Definitive hosts：cat, dog • Site of infection：small intestine（小肠）

6. Morphology （病原形态） Egg Scolex

7. Morphology （病原形态） • Sparganum（裂头蚴）： • strap form（条带形） • Length at a few cm to 20 cm • Depression （凹槽）

8. Morphology （病原形态） • Adult （成虫）：Spirometra mansoni（曼氏迭宫绦虫） • Length at 40~60cm • Scolex like fingers

9. Morphology （病原形态） • Gravid proglottid（孕节）： • Uterus have three to five spirals（盘旋） • Uterine pore in the vulva（阴门） below • Eggs：amber（淡黄色）ellipse（椭圆形）with operculum（卵盖） • size at 52um~76um x 31um~44um

10. Gravid proglottid（孕节）

11. Life cycle（生活史） • The eggs must develop in water and within a few weeks, each hatches to liberate a motile ciliated coracidium(钩球蚴） which, if ingested by a copepod（剑水蚤）, develops into a procercoid（原尾蚴）. • When the copepod is ingested by second intermediate hosts（第二中间宿主） such as frog, snake, etc, procercoid migrates to the muscles or viscera（脏器） to form the plerocercoid（实尾蚴，即裂头蚴）. • The life cycle is completed when the infected fish is eaten raw, or insufficiently cooked, by the final host. • Development to patency is rapid, occurring within four weeks of ingestion of the plerocercoid.

12. First intermediate host 第一中间宿主--剑水蚤

13. Life cycle（生活史）

14. Epidemiology（流行病学） • Infective stage（感染性阶段）: procercoid（原尾蚴） plerocercoid（裂头蚴） • Infection routes（感染途径）: Peroral infection（经口感染）: eat procercoid or plerocercoid by mistake.

15. Epidemiology（流行病学） • Wide host range: including amphibians(两栖类）, reptiles（爬行类）, birds（鸟类） and mammals（哺乳类） • High activity ability and regeneration capacity（再生能力） • Transmission route（传播途径）: eat the infected frogs or snakes in raw or insufficiently cooked

16. Pathogenesis and Symptoms • Adult infection（成虫感染）：Symptoms are not obvious， mild digestive system(消化系统） symptoms. • Larval infection（幼虫感染）：Depend upon larval migration(移行) and establishment position (定居位置). • Symptoms：inflammation（炎症），nodule（结节） or eyeball ablepsia（眼球失明）.

17. Diagnosis • Immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA) 荧光抗体试验 • Intracutaneoustest (IT) 皮内试验 • Clinical symptoms of a slow-growing tumor accompanied by eosinophilia(嗜酸性粒细胞增多). • CT(计算机断层扫描)

18. Treatment and Prevention • Surgical removal of cyst or inactivation of sparganum（手术摘除囊肿或失活虫体）. • Albendazole(丙硫咪唑): 50 mg∕kg. • Praziquantel (吡喹酮):25~30 mg∕kg . • Avoiding contact with infected animals. • Ban to eat raw or insufficiently cooked frogs .

19. Reference 参考文献 • 蔺西萌，曼氏迭宫绦虫动物模型的建立和生活史观察，1002- 2694(2011) 02- 0152- 02 • 王小平，脑裂头蚴病的临床和影像学诊断，1002- 2694( 2010)01- 0094- 02

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