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Performance of Titanium Alloy and Co Plated Titanium Alloy for MCFC Current Collector

Performance of Titanium Alloy and Co Plated Titanium Alloy for MCFC Current Collector. Hector Colon, Prabhu Ganesan, Bala Haran, R. E. White and Branko Popov Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208. Outline. Lifetime Limitations.

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Performance of Titanium Alloy and Co Plated Titanium Alloy for MCFC Current Collector

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  1. Performance of Titanium Alloy and Co Plated Titanium Alloy for MCFC Current Collector Hector Colon, Prabhu Ganesan, Bala Haran, R. E. White and Branko Popov Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208

  2. Outline Lifetime Limitations Objective Experimental Materials Characterization Results Conclusions

  3. Component Material / Properties Problem/Solution Material Ni+10wt% Cr Pore size 3 ~ 6 mm Porosity 50~70% Thickness 0.5~1.5 mm Sp. Area 0.1~1 m2/g Anode • Creep/Sintering • - Ni-Al Alloy • NiO dissolution • - Stabilized NiO • - LiCoO2 cathode • - Modified electrolyte Material Lithiated NiO Pore size 6 ~ 9 mm Porosity 80~85% as Ni Thickness 0.5~0.8 mm Sp. Area 0.5 m2/g Cathode Matrix Material g-LiAlO2 Pore size 0.2 ~ 0.5 mm Porosity 50~60% Thickness 0.5 mm Sp. Area 0.1~10 m2/g • Sintering/Thermal Stability • - Fiber or large particles • Phase stability • - a-LiAlO2 • Chromium Dissolution • - Nickel Cladding (Anode) • - Fe-Al alloys Current Collector Material SS316 Lifetime Limitations

  4. Lifetime Limitations (SS 316) • Cr • Ni

  5. Lifetime Limitations (SS 316) SS 316 (After 350 hr of testing)

  6. Objective • To find a candidate that will has better corrosion resistance than the state of art current collector • To characterize the performance of a titanium alloy (Ti77.5/Mo12/Zr 4.5/Sn 4.5) with different surface treatments • Heat Treatment • Cobalt platting on the surface

  7. Experimental • Heat treatment was performed in order to increase the thickness and form a more uniform protective corrosion layer • Kept at 400 ºC in 99 % N2 & 1% O2 atmosphere for 62 hr • Co plating was performed to reduce the possible dissolution of components and to improve the conductivity of the oxide layer • Cobalt chloride and sodium citrate bath • 1 mA/cm2 for 2.5 hours at pH 9.5

  8. Electrochemical Characterization: Linear Polarization-RP EIS Materials Characterization Physical Characterizations: SEM – Microstructure Analysis XRD – Crystal Characterization AAS - Dissolution Studies

  9. Bare Ti Alloy • Heat Treated Ti Alloy • Cobalt Coated Ti Alloy Results (Mo Dissolution) Dissolution of Mo from Titanium alloy at 650o C

  10. Results (SEM-Micrographs) Cobalt coated Titanium Alloy (Before testing)

  11. Results (SEM-Micrographs) Bare Titanium Alloy (After 350 hr of testing)

  12. Results (SEM-Micrographs) Heat Treated Titanium Alloy (After 350 hr of testing)

  13. Results (SEM-Micrographs) Cobalt Coated Titanium Alloy (After 350 hr of testing)

  14. Li2TiO3 – Lithium Titamium Oxide LiTiO2 – Lithium Titamium Oxide Results (XRD-Pattern after 350 hr testing) Titanium Alloys (After 350 hr of testing)

  15. Results (Impedance Behavior with Time) Bare Titanium Alloy

  16. Results (Impedance Behavior with Time) Heat Treated Titanium Alloy

  17. Results (Impedance Behavior with Time) Cobalt coated Titanium Alloy

  18. Results (Impedance Behavior with Time) SS 316

  19. Conclusions • Immersion test indicate a decrease in molybdenum dissolution in the case of Cobalt coated Ti alloy • Surface mainly consist of Titanium oxides • The polarization resistance for this alloy is significantly higher than state of art current collector • Cobalt coated titanium alloy gives the highest corrosion resistance

  20. Acknowledgements Financial sponsors - Dept of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory

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