Means feather footed Seals, Sea Lions and Walrus

1. Pinnipeds Means feather footed Seals, Sea Lions and Walrus

2. Cetaceans Toothed Whales Baleen Whales Dolphins Porpoises Endangered Sirenia Manatee Dugong Steller’s Sea Cow Pinnipeds True Seals Fur Seals Sea Lions Walrus Mustelidae Sea Otters River Otters Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Polar Bears Marine Mammals Introduction

3. General Characteristics • They are carnivores • They feed in the water • They rest and they give birth on land.

4. Differences • SEALS SEA LIONS WALRUS • Found worldwide Pacific Ocean Arctic Ocean • No eternal ears eternal ears external ears • Crawl on land walk quadripedally walk quadripedally • Examples in our area; • Harbor seal none Ancient fossils

5. Sea Lions and Fur Seals The Pinnipeds Callorhinus ursinus (northern fur seal) True Seals Phoca vitulina (harbor seal) Walrus Odobenus rosmarus (walrus)

6. True Seals No External Ear Flaps (Earless)

7. True Seals • True seals have no external ears like those found on eared seals.  • Instead, only a small ear opening behind the eyes is visible.

8. How they swim The Crabeater Seal •   The furred hind flippers of true seals are shorter than those of the fur seals and sea lions, and extend behind their body to  provide propulsion when swimming.

9. Color Variation • The pups of most species have fluffy coats of a light color.

10. Elephant Seal • The short, furry front flippers act mainly as rudders when the seals are swimming and help with movement on land or ice. 

11. Leopard seal • True seals have hair but rely on a heavy layer of blubber to keep them warm. 

12. Leopard Seal • Antarctic seals include the voracious leopard seal, which feeds on penguins and other sea birds.

13. Ringed Seal • Most common of seals • Found in Arctic seas • Few live in the Baltic Sea • Smallest species of seal • Skin is light to dark grey with dark spots ringed with white.

14. Fur Seals Ear Flaps

15. Fur Seals • Most sought after seal because of its soft coat • US annual catch of fur seals amounts to over $3.5 million

16. Reproduction • Cows arrive at rookeries in July, • immediately join a harem and bear their young. • Cows mate again 1 - 2 weeks after the birth of the pup

17. Fur Seals • 1911 North Pacific Fur Convention Japan, Russia, Canada, and the US set a limit to the number of seals that can be harvested each year. • Hazards • Thousands are killed annually at their breeding grounds for fur. • Sharks • Killer whales • Parasitic round worms • Only Russia and the US can harvest 30,000 a year.

18. Fur Seals • Russia and the US give 15% • of their harvest to Japan • and 15% to Canada • US sealing is conducted by • the government.

19. Fur Seals • The money is deposited in the US Treasury • 70% of money is returned to the Alaskan gov’t. • 30% goes to the National Marine Fisheries Service

20. Sea Lions

21. Sea Lion • Sea Lions are mammals, or warm blooded animals which give birth, nurse their offspring, and must breathe air. • Sea Lions are also pinnipeds (feather-footed ) meaning they have finlike members for propulsion. They can walk on their four web like flippers.

22. Sea Lion • Roars Like a Lion • This marine mammal makes a roaring noise (hence its name), barks, and honks

23. Sea Lion • Habitats • Sea lion are highly gregarious on land and use the same sites for breeding, and resting year after year.

24. Sea Lion • Range: • North Pacific coastal waters, Alaska to Russia • In the breeding season, the males form territories on rocky, semi-exposed areas and beaches. California Sea Lions Distribution

25. Sea Lion • Population • In 1961 About 270,000 • In 1999 About 110,000 • They are of no commercial value. • Steller sea lions have suffered a mysterious population decline of about two-thirds since the 1960s. • Possible culprits: pollution, disease, and competition from commercial fishing.

26. Walrus Tooth Walker

27. Tooth Walker • Odobenus comes from the Greek "tooth walker," and refers to the walruses' method of pulling themselves up onto the ice with their long tusks.

28. Walrus • The walrus lives in the Arctic. Despite this distant range, its long tusks, deeply wrinkled skin, and bristly mustache make the walrus familiar to all.

29. Walrus description • Flat flippers, instead of feet enable the walrus to swim. The forelimbs serve as rudders. • Out of the water the walrus can walk almost upright on all fours by turning its back flippers forward. • When ice spreads and thickens into pack ice in the winter, walruses usually head south. • Walruses' blubber (fat) may be as much as 6 inches thick.

30. Tooth Walker • Global Distribution

31. Tooth Walker • Pacific Walrus Distribution

32.   WALRUS & MAN • Eskimos have hunted the walrus for hundreds of years. • Traditionally they hunted using strong fishing lines. • Now they use high powered rifles. They can kill many more walruses. • In the last 300 years commercial hunters caught so many walruses that the species has become almost extinct.

33. Walrus Status • There are now about 250,000 walruses in the Bering sea, but extinction is still a possibility because of their slow breeding rate and the fragile environment that they live in. Even though commercial hunting is no longer allowed, the walrus is still endangered.

34. THE END