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Canada’s Justice System and the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)

Canada’s Justice System and the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA). Chapter 2. Terms:. sentence – a consequence for a crime determined by a court of law (example: imprisonment) community service – help in the community performed as part of a sentence

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Canada’s Justice System and the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)

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  1. Canada’s Justice System and the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) Chapter 2

  2. Terms: • sentence – a consequence for a crime determined by a court of law (example: imprisonment) • community service – help in the community performed as part of a sentence • criminal record – a permanent record of breaking the law, which is public information. A criminal record can bar you from some jobs, volunteer positions and travel to other countries. • rehabilitate – to instill positive behaviours and attitudes • reintegrate – to make part of (society) again

  3. Youth Criminal Justice Act – the law that defines consequences for young offenders. • deals with 12-17 year olds • consequences include community service • prohibits adult sentences for youths 12-14 years old • allows adult sentences for people 14 and over who commit serious crimes • protects privacy • allows most young offenders to avoid criminal records

  4. Criminal Code of Canada – thelaw that defines consequences for adult offenders. • deals with adults • going to court is the usual consequence for breaking the law • defines adult sentences (this includes long periods of imprisonment for some crimes) • allows publication of offenders’ names • creates a criminal record for most offenders

  5. The Youth Criminal Justice Act(YCJA) • The YCJA was passed by parliament in 2003. • Before the YCJA, every young person who broke the law was charged and went to court. This often meant: • Young offenders did not face consequences for a long time • The consequences did not always connect back to the people and communities the offence affected.

  6. Factors that determine the consequences of Young Offenders: • Seriousness of the offence • History of the young person • Attitude of the young person • Circumstances surrounding the young person. (See page 68)

  7. Objectives of the YCJA: • The criminal justice system is intended to: • Prevent crime • Rehabilitate and reintegrate young people into society • Ensure that the consequences are meaningful • The Criminal Justice System for young persons must be separate from that of adults and recognize their reduced level of maturity. (See ‘What It Means’, page 70)

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