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Understanding Electricity in Technical Theatre

In the new millennium, technical theatre students must grasp the importance of electricity. Learn about electrical systems, Ohm's Law, the Power Formula, and practical information for safe usage. Explore series, parallel, and combination circuits, and understand the difference between direct and alternating current.

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Understanding Electricity in Technical Theatre

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  1. As theatre enters the new millennium, it has become a pragmatic reality that students of technical theatre have to comprehend the function of electricity and electronics

  2. Electricity at Work Every electrical system must have three parts Source—origin of electrical potential Load—device that converts electrical energy into another form of energy Circuit—pathway that the current follows as it flows from the negative to the positive terminal of the source

  3. Electricity at Work Ohm’s Law German physicist, Goerg Simon Ohm, discovered in the 19th century that some very basic rules apply to the functioning of electricity within a circuit The law: As voltage increases, current increases; as resistance increases, current decreases

  4. Electricity at Work The Power Formula The Power Formula is much more useful when dealing with higher-voltage electricity This formula is used when it is necessary to determine how much power will be consumed by an electrical circuit P=IE W=VA where where P=power in watts W=power in watts I=current in amperes V=voltage in volts E=voltage in volts A=current in amperes

  5. Electricity at Work Practical Information The output-load voltage of dimming systems in the US is 117-120 volts alternating current (VAC) The input voltage for most portable dimming systems is 220 VAC The input voltage for most permanently mounted dimming systems is either 220 or 440 VAC The voltage figure that you will use in calculating the safe leading capacity for dimmers is the out voltage—117-120 VAC

  6. Electricity at Work Practical Information Electrical wires and cables are designed to carry specific current loads Any electrical system is designed to work within limits If those limits are exceeded: The protective devices will break the continuity of the circuit—if they are in place If not, the system will heat up and melt or burn up

  7. Electricity at Work Electrical Circuits Three types of circuits: Series Parallel Combination

  8. Electricity at Work Electrical Circuits Series Circuit All of the electricity flows through every element of the circuit. If any of the lamps burn out, the circuit will be broken and no electricity will flow to the other lamps

  9. Electricity at Work Electrical Circuits Parallel Circuit Only a portion of the electricity flows through each of the branches. If one lamp burns out, electricity will continue to flow in the rest of the circuit

  10. Electricity at Work Electrical Circuits Combination Circuit Just like a light switch, this type of circuit is controlled by a switch or dimmer The parallel wiring of lamp outlets allows individual lamps to be inserted on or removed from the circuit without affecting its operation

  11. Electricity at Work Electrical Current There are two types of current Direct—In DC, the electron flow is in one direction only Alternating—In AC, the electron flow periodically changes polarity, which causes it to change direction

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