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Sistemas de biomonitorización (biosensores)

Sistemas de biomonitorización (biosensores). Biosensor. Estrategia que combina: Un sensor biológico para un analito de interés con un sistema de detección que produce una señal proporcional a la concentración de analito. Interface. Sensor material. Transducer. Biosensor components.

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Sistemas de biomonitorización (biosensores)

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  1. Sistemas de biomonitorización (biosensores)

  2. Biosensor Estrategia que combina: Un sensor biológico para un analito de interés con un sistema de detección que produce una señal proporcional a la concentración de analito

  3. Interface Sensor material Transducer Biosensor components Sensing element/ Biological component

  4. Biosensor components Sensing element/ Biological component Interface Sensor material Transducer

  5. Componentes Elemento biológico Organismos Tejidos Células Orgánulos Membranas Enzimas Receptores Anticuerpos Ácidos nucleicos Moléculas orgánicas Sistema de detección Potenciométricos Amperiométricos Conductimétricos Ópticos Calorimétricos Acústicos Mecánicos

  6. Sistema biológico: Células enteras- bacterias Sistema de detección: Bioluminiscencia- emisión de luz por células vivas resultante de reacciones químicas mediadas biológicamente

  7. Bacterias como componentes biológicos de biosensores 1. Medida de toxicidad ambiental 2. Medida de genotoxicidad 3. Detección de compuestos específicos

  8. MICROTOX - Vibrio fischeri Photobacterium phosphoreum GEMs MetPLATE - E.coli lacZ+ ATP-TOX - Genes luc Cuantificación de ATP bacteriano Biosíntesis 1. Medida de toxicidad ambiental Alteración sistemas transporte electrónico Tóxicos fenólicos Ácido fluoroacético Pesticidas Metales pesados Muerte celular Alteración bioluminiscencia

  9. 2. Medida de genotoxicidad Drogas Antimicrobianos Pesticidas Agentes inorgánicos Ondas electromagnéticas Potencial mutagénico AMES TEST - Salmonella autótrofo para His MUTATOX - Photobacterium phosphoreum variante dark VITOTOX - E. coli PrecN:: luxCDABE (SOS)

  10. 3. Detección de compuestos específicos

  11. Bioindicadores basados en promotores catabólicos I genes de detoxificación Respuesta R A B C "natural" R Antb Informador Sistema informador Presentación de Emisión de luz o un epitopo fluorescencia Actividad enzimática

  12. Sites polluted with Lindane (g-HCH) near Bilbao

  13. Engineering a bacterial system for in situ detection of Lindane Cl Cl Cl g-HCH Cl Cl Cl

  14. Cl Cl Cl spontaneous 1,2,4,-TCB Cl HCl Cl Cl LinA LinA Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl HCl HCl LinB Cl Cl LinC LinE 1,4-TCDN LinD g-PCCH g-HCH CO2 + H2O Lindane degradation in Sphingomonas paucimobilis SS86

  15. Combination of a metabolic step with a regulatory step LinA LinA Cl Cl Cl Cl g-PCCH 1,4-TCDN CO2 Cl Cl HCl HCl Cl g-HCH Cl 1,2,4-TCB Cl Cl + Sphingomonas paucimobilis

  16. 161-166 XylR5 is inducible by 1,2,4-TCB 8 1,2,4-TCB no ind- 6 XylR Activity b-Gal, x 103 4 XylR5 2 0 no ind- 1,2,4-TCB

  17. g-HCH XylR XylR5 XylR5 -HClH g Detectionof Lindane with a lacZ fusion Pu-lacZ XylR5 Pr-linA 600 400 -HClH XylR g Activity b-gal 200 0 days 0 1 2 3 4

  18. Detection of Lindane with MUG in soil - g HCH + g HCH XylR+LinA XylR5+LinA no bacteria

  19. Detection of explosives: CH3 The descrioptor 2,4-DNT NO2 NO2 CH3 NO2 NO2 TNT NO2

  20. XylR variants responding to 2,4 DNT No ind 3-MBA 2,4-DNT wt XylR5 wt XylR5 wt XylR5

  21. Detecting explosives in soil 2,4-DNT No ind wt XylR5 XylR5 Visible UV

  22. Area Reduction: THE FEASIBILITY Lack of methodology Based on fuzzy and subjective evidences “Mine Fields” are inaccurately defined. Inaccuracy results in greater expenses for level 3 survey

  23. Area Reduction: THE DISTRIBUTED & SPECIALIZED SENSOR The MMDS provides a distributed & specialized sensor that detects explosive traces and reacts providing an enhanced EM evidence. A second sensor (a mobile one) easily detects the new EM evidence, which is the translation and amplification of the original explosive one.

  24. S A V E S 1% additional reduction: 5% additional reduction: 10% additional reduction: 30% additional reduction: 105 M€ and 2 years 525 M€ and 10 years 1050 M€ and 20 years 3150 M€ and 60 years

  25. Junkal Garmendia

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