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Processes

Processes. Part 4. Processes Part 4. In Part 1 we looked at Residualisms, which leave scattered traces in modern dialects. Part 2 dealt with more prominent processes. In Part 3 we began looking at processs which occurred in Britain after the Atlantic Split (Amrican vs. British English)

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Processes

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  1. Processes Part 4

  2. ProcessesPart 4 • In Part 1 we looked at Residualisms, which leave scattered traces in modern dialects. • Part 2 dealt with more prominent processes. • In Part 3 we began looking at processs which occurred in Britain after the Atlantic Split (Amrican vs. British English) • In Part 4 will will finish with British processes

  3. Middle English WellsChapter 3 1400 Wells 3.1 Residualisms "The Great Divide" 1600 Wells 3.2 British prestige innovations Wells 3.3 Some American innvoations Wells 3.4 Later British innvoations

  4. p .212 Those changes which occurred in British prestige English (RP) after the “great divide” p.242 Changes occurring in American English after the “great divide” which did not affect British English p 252 Later British non-prestige changes (not in RP)

  5. p. 242 (Later, when we move to America)

  6. p252 Non-prestige (non-RP innovations) • H Dropping • Diphthong Shift • L Vocalization • Glottalization (and Glottaling) • The –ing variable

  7. p253 Non-prestige (non-RP innovations) • H Dropping • Diphthong Shift • L Vocalization • Glottalization (and Glottaling) • The –ing variable

  8. H-Dropping on unstressed structural words occurs in most native English accents, including RP and GA. This is not what we call H-Dropping! Review the material on Weak Forms from the first-year Phonetics course at http://www.hi.is/~peturk/KENNSLA/02/TOP/weakforms.html (Scroll down to (d) h-dropping)

  9. H-Dropping on unstressed structural words occurs in most native English accents, including RP and GA he, his, her, have, has, had

  10. I think he arrives on Monday I gave it to her yesterday Bush has changed his mind What had Harriet got to say? I have her certificate here No, sorry, that’s his.

  11. H-Dropping on unstressed structural words occurs in most native English accents, including RP and GA he, his, her, have, has, had

  12. H-Dropping on unstressed structural words occurs in most native English accents, including RP and GA he, his, her, have, has, had • “H-Dropping” refers to loss of h in stressed words

  13. What had Harriet got to say? I have her certificate here No, sorry, that’s his.

  14. Repercussions: hypercorrection Harthur and Henry No, he hisnt And use of h in weak fors (Adoptive RP, for instance): I have just sent off her certificate

  15. p256 Non-prestige (non-RP innovations) • H Dropping • Diphthong Shift • L Vocalization • Glottalization (and Glottaling) • The –ing variable

  16. p.256

  17. p.256 FLEECE GOOSE GOAT FACE MOUTH PRICE CHOICE

  18. Diphthong Shift What is the difference between a buffalo and a bison? You can't wash your hands in a buffalo

  19. bison basin

  20. Oh I am the cook and the captain bold And the mate of the Nancy brig, And the bo’sun tight, And the midshipmite And the crew of the Captain’s gig. W.S. Gilbert, The Yarn of the 'Nancy Bell' http://www.stormy.ca/marine/nancy_bell.html

  21. Diphthong Shift (Melchers and Shaw call this “Wide Diphthongs”) Initial simplification: RP London paint pint point

  22. Sub-systems B C D A

  23. Sub-system B

  24. Sub-system B

  25. Sub-system B

  26. Sub-system B

  27. Sub-system B

  28. Sub-system B

  29. Sub-system B

  30. Sub-system B

  31. Sub-system B

  32. Sub-system B

  33. Sub-system B

  34. Sub-systems B C D A

  35. Sub-system C

  36. Sub-system C

  37. Sub-system C

  38. Wells deals briefly with Diphthong Shift in Vol. 1 pp.256-6 and in greater detail: Vol 2 pp. 306-310 ( London) Vol 3 pp.597-8 (Australia), p. 614 (South Africa)

  39. p259 Non-prestige (non-RP innovations) • H Dropping • Diphthong Shift • L Vocalization • Glottalization (and Glottaling) • The –ing variable

  40. p.258 Rule for allophones of l in RP: Rule for allophones of l in accents with L Vocalization:

  41. p.258 From Phonetics exam 2006: Lazy girls lie all night long on piled-up milk-white pillows

  42. p.262 Non-prestige (non-RP innovations) • H Dropping • Diphthong Shift • L Vocalization • Glottalization (and Glottaling) • The –ing variable

  43. p.262

  44. L = lateral, S = sibilant, true C = other consonants

  45. L = lateral, S = sibilant, true C = other consonants

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