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Refresh your knowledge of environmental planning with a focus on demography, population data sources, key concepts, indicators like poverty and HDI, and methods of projecting populations for proactive planning.
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Refresher Course on Environmental Planning Maria Veronica Arreza-Arcilla, Ph.D (cand.), EnP
Sources of Population Data • Population Census (every 10 years) • National Statistics Office • LGU tally • Local Civil Registry Civil Registration & Vital Statistics: continuous, permanent, compulsory & universal recording of vital events, including documenting births, deaths & marriages... • What is the relevance of CRVS?
Population Concept: Change Population Change Rates Fertility (Births) • Crude Birth Rate: number of live births per 1,000 population in a year (b = B/P) Mortality (Deaths) • Crude Death Rate: number of deaths per 1,000 population in a year (d=D/P) Migration (In & Out) • Net Migration Change: balance between in & out migration
Population Concept: Composition • Education: • ages 5 – 20 • Food: • children & adolescents • Employment: • ages 15 – 64 • Housing: • age when people start a family
Mathematical Methods of Projecting the Population Relevance: because we want to plan ahead (pro-active vs. reactive planning)
Projection: Arithmetic (Lineal PGR) 1. Arithmetic (Lineal PGR)
Projection: Geometric & Exponential Geometric: analogous to money deposited in a bank that grows with interest Exponential: like money that grows continuously rather than annually.
Projection: Cohort Survival Method Component or Cohort-survival Method: operates through the survivorship rates of age cohorts of a population
Other Indicators: Poverty • Poor: individuals / HHs whose income fall below the poverty threshold as defined by NEDA and/or cannot sustainably afford to provide for their minimum basic needs of food, health, education, housing and other essential amenities in life. • Absolute Poverty: condition of a HH below the food threshold level (food poor)
Other Indicators: Poverty • Poverty Incidence: Portion of population whose annual per capita income falls below the annual per capita poverty threshold to the number of families / population • Poverty Threshold: annual per capita income required or the amount to be spent to satisfy nutritional requirements (2,000Kcal) and other basic needs (21,753Php or about 60Php/day)
Other Indicators: Poverty Characterizing the Poor: • Majority live in rural areas and work in the agricultural sector • In the urban areas, they live in Informal Settlements • In 2/3 of poor families, HH heads attained elementary education or lower • Have few assets & mininal access to credit
Other Indicators: HDI A composite index that measures • Longevity – life expectancy • Knowledge – measured by adult literacy & average years of schooling • Income – GDP per capita converted to purchasing power < 0.5: Low 0.5 – 0.8: Medium > 0.8: High Phils. 2017 HDI: 0.699
Other Indicators: MDGs As 2009
Other Indicators: MDGs As of July 2010
