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Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet)

Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet). By AYILARI-NAA JUATI AND ELIKEM SETSOAFIA 19-23 November 2012 DATA RESCUE WORKSHOP Erata Hotel, Accra, Ghana. THE GHANA METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY.

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Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet)

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  1. Relevant Climate studies of the Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet) By AYILARI-NAA JUATI AND ELIKEM SETSOAFIA 19-23 November 2012 DATA RESCUE WORKSHOP Erata Hotel, Accra, Ghana

  2. THE GHANA METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY PROVIDING WEATHER AND CLIMATE INFORMATION FOR RAPID SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

  3. OUTLINE • Network of Meteorological stations • The Volta Basin (covering 6 W/African countries) • Dams within the Volta Basin • Some climate studies of GMet in the Sudan and Guinea Savannah of Ghana. • Comparing results of these studies with Climate Indices for Wa in the Guinea Savannah • Challenges and Recommendations

  4. National Observing Network 22 Synoptic stations

  5. 61 Climatological stations 61

  6. 54 stations 54

  7. Many stations closing down because Volunteers are not happy with “motivation”. 156 stations countrywideout of original 600 156

  8. THE VOLTA BASIN THE BASIN COVERS 6 COUNTRIES. VOLTA BASIN AUTHORITY formed to help regulate the efficient use of water resources within the basin.

  9. Average yearly Rainfall over Northern Ghana ( 1971 to 2007) Rainfall showing a decreasing trend over the years Rainfall variability here can be as high as 400mm between seasons

  10. High Incidences of drought to the Western parts of northern Ghana High Incidences of drought around Kete-Krachi (1961-2007) High Incidences of drought around southern Central, Western and Volta Regions, like , Ada,Kpetoe, Tsito, Cape Coast etc High Incidences of drought around Nkwanta area.

  11. Here high Incidences of drought covering most of the Western part of Ghana. (1961-2007) Areas around Kete-Krachi, Southern Volta, Central and Western Regions as well as Eastern Coasts are much affected (1961-2007)

  12. Expected changes in temperature and rainfall for the Sudan and Guinea Savannah areas of Ghana_run by GMet ( Ghana National Communication _IPCC) • Baseline period is 1961-1990 • Data used ; Daily rainfall in millimetres • Rainfall amount of less than 0.2 millimetres not counted as a rainfall day. • Daily temperature degrees Celsius • A1B Scenario (TAR and AR4) i.e: rapid econ. growth, quick spread of global technology, global pop of 9 billion in 2050 dwindling gradually thereafter, quick spread of new & efficient technology, a convergent world( income & way of life between regions)- SRES • SRES= Special Report on Emission Scenarios

  13. Sudan Savannah Temperature change/scenarios Mean Temp. increase ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 from 2020 to 2080

  14. Guinea Savannah Temperature change/scenarios Temp change here between 0.6 and 4.5 from 2020 to 2080

  15. Sudan Savannah Precipitation Rainfall expected to decrease by 10 to 17% by 2080 in June to October

  16. Guinea Savannah Precipitation Rainfall to decrease even further by up to 25% from June to Sept in this Zone

  17. Monthly Maximum Value of Daily Max Temp for Wa

  18. Monthly Daily value of Daily Min Temp for Wa

  19. Annual Count when Daily Minimum Temperature >20 degrees for Wa

  20. Annual Total Precip in Wet days for Wa

  21. Heavy Precipitation days (RR>20mm) for Wa

  22. Challenges: database issues • Some amount of data digitized • A lot more needs to be digitized • Poor Meta database • Incorporating data from Automatic Observations from about 18 recently( 2011) installed AWSs • QC issues and missing data • Incorporating data ( 18th Century) recently recovered from the UK into database

  23. MORE CHALLENGES Putting data in appropriate format for R to run a difficulty Missing values >20% in each year implies no Indices? A limitation. Deciding Outliers can be a real difficulty; in the face of MCS (Mesoscale Convective Systems) in West Africa.

  24. RECOMMENDATIONS URGENT NEED FOR the development of Adequate HUMAN CAPITAL IN the Field OF CLIMATE CHANGE STUDIES / RESEARCH AND CLIMATE MODELLING (DOWNSCALING ) , extreme value analysis ,in GHANA.Building credible databases including meta data.critical need for the calculation and exchange of relevant climate indices in the west african sub- region.Wmo continues to serve as the platform for the development of user-friendly software for the extraction of relevant climate indices.gender mainstreaming in climate change issues.

  25. THANK YOU • AYILARI-NAA JUATI • E:MAIL: A.JUATI@METEO.GOV.GH • TEL: +233 307012519 • ELIKEM SETSOAFIA • E:MAIL: E.SETSOAFIA@METEO.GOV.GH • TEL: +233 549617048

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