Transition from Adolescent to Adult HIV Care – Practices & Pitfalls

1. Transition from Adolescent to Adult HIV Care – Practices & Pitfalls Tess Barton, MD – University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX Ana Puga, MD – Children’s Diagnostic & Treatment Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL June Trimble - University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX

2. Disclosures • Tess Barton, MD • Has no financial interests or relationships to disclose • Ana Puga, MD • Speaker Bureau: Gilead, Abbott, Simply Speaking HIV CME • June Trimble • Has no financial interests or relationships to disclose

3. Learning Objectives • At the conclusion of this activity, the participant will be able to: • Describe steps taken in creating a smooth transition from one care provider to another • Identify 3 barriers to successful transition • Apply methods taught in the session to circumstances in local health care settings

4. Obtaining CME/CE Credits • If you would like to receive continuing education credit for this activity, please visit: http://www.pesge.com/RyanWhite2012

5. Workshop Schedule 1. Overview of transitioning topic, including review of recommended practices and challenges (30 min) 2. Small group activity (40 min) 3. Summary (5 min) 4. Questions (15 min)

6. Why Is a Transition Process Needed? • Deliberate, planned process that addresses the medical, psychosocial, vocational, and educational needs of adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions when moving from a pediatric service to adult-oriented care (Rosen, et. al. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2003) • Adolescent development • Maturity • Autonomy • Shift from pediatric to adult healthcare funding

7. General Principles • Youth should understand the basic biology of HIV, why their medications and treatments are necessary, and how to prevent transmission • Informed decision-making is the key to mature self-care and is the overall goal for successful transitioning New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute: www.hivguidelines.org

8. General Principles • Individualize the approach used • Identify adult care providers who are willing to care for adolescents and young adults • Begin the transition process early and ensure communication between the pediatric/adolescent and adult care providers prior to and during transition • Develop and follow an individualized transition plan for the patient in the pediatric/adolescent clinic; develop and follow an orientation plan in the adult clinic. Plans should be flexible to meet the adolescent’s needs New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute: www.hivguidelines.org

9. General Principles • Use a multidisciplinary transition team, which may include peers who are in the process of transitioning or who have transitioned successfully • Address comprehensive care needs as part of transition, including medical, psychosocial, and financial aspects of transitioning • Allow adolescents to express their opinions • Educate HIV care teams and staff about transitioning New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute: www.hivguidelines.org

10. Basic Steps in Transitioning

11. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Begin transition planning at least 3 years before expected transition, if possible • Transition checklist tools available • Review and modify the plan annually • Involve family, caregivers • Incorporate mental health assessments

12. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Know when to seek medical care for symptoms or emergencies • Make, cancel, and reschedule appointments • Arrive to appointments on time • Call ahead of time for urgent visits • Request prescription refills correctly • Negotiate multiple providers and subspecialty visits • Understand health insurance, how to obtain it and renew it • Understand entitlements and know how to access them • Establish a good working relationship with a case manager

13. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Pediatric/adolescent care team should consider implementing a more structured appointment system before transition to promote skills building and to minimize “culture shock” • Policies are generally followed more strictly in adult care • Peer support groups • Skills practice sessions with medical students and residents

14. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Multidisciplinary team • Pick the right adult provider • Accepts patient’s health insurance (or no • insurance) • Pre-transition communication between pediatric • and adult providers • Adult clinic: assign youth contact person • Case manager for youth

15. Basic Steps in Transitioning

16. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Health summary or passport • Case conference • Transition team all aware of appointment • Release of information

17. Basic Steps in Transitioning • Verify that initial appointment kept • For drop-outs, identify & enroll in support services • Promptly reschedule appointment • Reinforce need to transition • Allow some safety net

18. Transition Models Pediatric Clinic Pediatric Clinic Adult Clinic Youth Clinic Adult Clinic

19. Transition Models Adult Clinic Pediatric Clinic Youth Provider

20. Transition Models Comprehensive Center (Pediatric, Adult, Family, Women, etc)

21. Common Barriers to Successful Transition • Differences between pediatric & adult care culture • Finding the right adult provider • Adolescent communication skills • Separation anxiety • Youth, family • Pediatric medical team • Insurance lapses and non-reimbursable duplication of services during the change • Limited resources • Inadequate time and resources in adult medicine practice settings for young patients who may require extensive psychosocial support

22. Common Barriers to Successful Transition • Poor health literacy • Interim illness or pregnancy • Adult clinic waiting room • The rest of life’s stuff • Moving away to college • Financial instability • Job or class schedule

23. Case 1 • Perinatal AIDS, in care at pediatric center since birth • Frequent illnesses • Recent improvement in adherence • Losing Medicaid

24. Case 2 • Recently infected MSM • Estranged from family, living with older partner • Community college + part-time job • Ongoing party life, substance use • Bipolar disorder

25. Case 3 • Young woman from rural area, infected age 13 • On treatment, adherent • Covered by parent’s private health insurance • Ready for transition • Pregnancy test (+) at planned final visit

26. Summary of Transition Process • Individualize transition plan based on patient needs • Begin the process early • Patient needs to be prepared • Adult care provider should actively be involved • Ensure that patient makes it and stays

27. Applying the Model Locally • Who are the adult providers in the area? • HIV providers, OB-GYN • Ryan White providers • State Medicaid program • Support services and ancillary providers • Case management, housing, transportation, mental health, dental

28. Transition Tools Available • Transitioning HIV-infected Adolescents Into Adult Care (New York State Department of Health AIDS Institute: www.hivguidelines.org) • Transitioning from Adolescent to Adult Care (HRSA Care ACTION. June 2007. Available at: ftp://ftp.hrsa.gov/hab/june2007.pdf) • Adolescents Living With HIV (ALHIV) Toolkit (http://www.k4health.org/toolkits/alhiv) • http://gottransition.org