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CROSS-BORDER MARINE RESEARCH – THE SOUTHEAST ASIA EXPERIENCE L.M. Chou Dept. of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore. Workshop on Governance of Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Management Issues and Policy Options, Nov. 3-5, 2008, Singapore Botanic Gardens.
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CROSS-BORDER MARINE RESEARCH – THE SOUTHEAST ASIA EXPERIENCE L.M. Chou Dept. of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Workshop on Governance of Marine Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Management Issues and Policy Options, Nov. 3-5, 2008, Singapore Botanic Gardens
FACILITATING MECHANISMS INTERGOVERNMENTAL BODIES Coordinating Body for the Seas of East Asia (COBSEA) UNEP Regional Seas - 1981. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) – 1967. Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) – 1989.
ASEAN • 1996: ASEAN Plan of Action on Science and Technology and the Strategic Plan of Action on the Environment developed under the Framework for Elevating Functional Cooperation to a Higher Plane. • The Hanoi Plan of Action (1999-2004): • development of framework to improve regional coordination for integrated protection and management of coastal zones, • development of regional action plan for protection of the marine environment from land-based and sea-based activities • promotion of regional coordination to protect Marine Heritage Parks and Reserves. • The ASEAN Working Group on Coastal and Marine Environment (AWGCME) oversees the technical and implementation issues.
COBSEA EAS Action Plan: Establishment of integrated management and sustainable development of coastal and marine areas, Combating degradation of the marine environment from land-based activities. Establishment of a regular monitoring and assessment programme on the state of the region’s marine environment Strengthening regional cooperation and coordination through increased collaboration between the EAS/RCU and other relevant agencies and organizations. Conservation and sustainable use of marine living resources under national jurisdiction, and high seas living resources.
APEC • Marine Resource Conservation Working Group (MRCWG) – 1990. • Action Plan on Sustainability of the Marine Environment • Three key objectives • integrated approaches to coastal management • prevention, reduction and control of marine pollution • sustainable management of marine resources. • Supported through research (including exchange of information, technology and expertise), capacity building (including training and education), and public/private sector participation and partnership. • APEC Coral, Fisheries and Reef Network recently established to enhance information exchange between government agencies, research institutions and non-governmental organisations. Its aim is to promote the sustainable development and utilisation of coral reef resources that would result in increased per capita income and economic development
COMMONALITIES OF VISION Integrated management Sustainable management Regional coordination
REGIONAL PROJECTS IMO/UNDP/GEF PEMSEA Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia – ICM demonstration sites; Sustainable Development Strategy. UNEP/GEF South China Sea Project Demonstration sites (reversing degradation trends & cross-border management) South China Sea Forum Coral Triangle Initiative
STATUS Improved capacity (research and management). Established networks (dynamic, informal collaboration e.g. ICRC Status of Reefs Reports). Greater scientific understanding of marine environment – growing regional expertise.
CROSS BORDER RESEARCH Regional trends based on national outputs. Capacity transfer. Research gaps: ecological – untouchable areas, genetic material transfer. Turtle Islands Heritage Protected Area. South China Sea project cross-border demonstration sites.
TURTLE ISLANDS HERITAGE PROTECTED AREA Toward the Establishment of the 1st Trans-frontier Protected Area for Marine Turtles. The Governments of the Philippines and Malaysia established the Turtle Islands Heritage Protected Area (TIHPA), the first and only trans-frontier protected area for marine turtles in the world. Management of the TIHPA is shared by both countries, making possible the conservation of habitats and sea turtles over a large area independent of their territorial boundaries.
MOVING ON Sustainable funding. Coordination (COBSEA – EAS Knowledgebase). Reducing institutional memory loss (results of concluded projects irretrievable).