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Learn the essentials of survey design, data collection, and sample management using Qualtrics. Discover best practices, tools, and techniques for maximizing response rates and ensuring high-quality data. Suitable for researchers, project managers, and survey administrators.
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Launching Surveys and Sample Management using Qualtrics Day 3 Nathan R. Jones, PhD Senior Project Director University of Wisconsin Survey Center nrjones@ssc.wisc.edu
Schedule • Day 1 - Overview • Day 2 - Questionnaire development • Day 3 - Data collection
Principal parts of a survey • Study Design • Sample Design • Mode of administration • Instrument development • Pretesting, testing, IRB • Data collection • Data preparation - weighting, processing, delivery • Documentation • Analysis • Budget
Planning related to data collection Draft project proposal and budget should include • Study goals • Timeline • Modes for collecting data • Instrument design • Sample & sample management • Methods to maximize response rate • Progress reporting • IRB and other permission
Review - Study goals Two common goals that may call for very different study designs are… • To describe a population • To make comparisons among groups, such as comparisons among men and women or people of different age groups.
Timeline Determine: • When does the survey ideally need to be started and completed? • What else is going on that could interfere? • How much uncertainty is there about when you can start? • How much flexibility do you have in when you can start?
Modes for collecting data Ways of interacting with respondents • Mail • Phone (CATI) • Web • Face-to-face (CAPI) • Focus groups • Mixed or multi-mode
Factors that influence mode choices Survey population • Characteristics, abilities, resources, and interests Sample frame • Information available (area, name, address, telephone number, email address) Study topic • Sensitivity, task difficulty, need to use visual aids Analytic goals • Comparisons needed with studies using other modes
Factors that influence mode choices Administrative infrastructure • Availability of technology and experience with technology Interviewers • Ability and experience Cost • Budget; existing resources Time • Desired length of field period; timely access to data Response rate • Need for high response rate
Sample and sample management Some important questions: • What is the desired sample size? • Who will complete the survey? • Do you have a list of the individuals to be surveyed? • What contact information is on the list? • How current? • How accurate? • Will someone need to purchase or otherwise acquire the sample?
Sample More questions: • Will you need to track/trace sample members? • Will this be done before the project is put into the field, while the project is in the field, or both? • Will certain groups need to be oversampled? • Will households need to be screened to determine if there is anyone eligible to participate in the study?
Sample Do you need a sampling statistician or other specialist for this project? • Hard to reach populations • Low incidence populations • Complex sampling • Complex weighting
Increasing response rates Incentives “Can I just pay people to answer?”
Incentives Why do people participate? • Theories • Social exchange (Dillman) • Economic exchange (Biner and Kidd 1994) • Leverage-salience theory (Groves et al. 2000) • Dimensions • Prepaid vs. promised incentives • Monetary vs. nonmonetary • Amount of incentive • Mode
Incentives meta-analysis (Church 1993) • Meta-analysis of 38 mail surveys • Prepaid incentives increased response rates more than promised incentives • Prepaid monetary incentives yield higher response rates than gifts • Response rates increase with increasing amounts of money, although not all studies find a linear relationship
Protection of human subjects Permission to do research Issues frequently raised by survey work • Where are you getting your participants? • How will they be recruited? • What is consent process? • Written consent or waiver of written consent • How will confidentiality be protected? • Incentives
Protection of human subjects Potential complicating factors: • Will you be linking data from medical records? • Sensitive medical conditions or issues • Children • Illegal activities • Prisoners • Anything else?
Data collection • Begin field period • Discover quality of sample • Progress reporting • Sample management • Close field period
Field procedures to maximize response • Train interviewers • Method for initial contact and obtaining cooperation • Follow-up procedures • Converting refusals • Quality control • Supervision and reporting • Recontact methods for panels
Data management Data delivery • Preliminary data • Additional data deliveries as needed • Recodes/post-processing • Weights Final reports and documentation • Response rate report • Codebook • Methods
Post-survey processing Coding and cleaning • Standardized coding systems • Training coders • Measure coding reliability • Coding schemes for open questions • Procedures for protecting respondents
Thank you! Nathan R. Jones Senior Project Director University of Wisconsin Survey Center 4418 Sterling Hall (608) 890-4724 nrjones@ssc.wisc.edu