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Exploring Biology: Study of Living Things and Their Characteristics

Delve into the fascinating world of biology, exploring the 5 characteristics of all living things, from cellular structures to energy processes, growth patterns, and responses to environmental stimuli. Discover the intricacies of reproduction, from asexual to sexual methods, and the importance of structure, reproduction, growth, energy, and environmental interactions in the life of organisms. Uncover the underlying theme of evolution and diversity as you learn about genetics, cell metabolism, and organism interactions. Join us on a journey to understand the complex yet interconnected world of biology.

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Exploring Biology: Study of Living Things and Their Characteristics

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  1. What is Biology?

  2. BIOLOGYthe study of living things

  3. 5 Characteristics of All Living Things

  4. 5 Characteristics of Living Things • Made of Cells • Obtain & Use Energy • Grow and Develop • Respond to Environment • Reproduce

  5. Number of Cells • Unicellular- one cell • Multicellular- many cells

  6. Obtain and Use Energy • Plants: Photosynthesis • Animals: • Cellular Respiration

  7. Equation for Photosynthesis 6CO2+ 6H2O -------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 LIGHT Carbon Dioxide and Water react with light to produce glucose and oxygen

  8. Equation for Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2----> 6CO2+ 6H2O + ATP Glucose + Oxygen yield Carbon Dioxide, Water and ATP (energy)

  9. Grow & Develop • Metamorphosis • Puberty • Death

  10. Respond to Environment • Do what it takes survive & maintain homeostasis • Ex. Put on a coat, plant bends toward the light

  11. Types of Reproduction • Asexual- one parent • Sexual- two parents

  12. Made of Cells

  13. Made of just ONE cell UNICELLULAR

  14. Made of more than one cell MULTICELLULAR

  15. Eukaryotic cells have a membrane bound nucleus. Nucleus 1.45 µm Prokaryotic cells do not have a membrane bound nucleus. 0.29 µm Figure 1.5

  16. Reproduce

  17. Two parents each provide a sex cell SEXUALREPRODUCTION

  18. Single organism reproduces without another ASEXUALREPRODUCTION

  19. Grow and Develop

  20. Grow and Develop • Birth • Growth • Death

  21. Obtain and Use Energy

  22. Obtain and Use Energy • Photosynthesis • Cellular Respriation

  23. Respond to their Environment

  24. Respond to Environment • Movement • Behavior

  25. Two parents each provide a sex cell SEXUALREPRODUCTION

  26. Single organism reproduces without another ASEXUALREPRODUCTION

  27. Who are we? • We need structure • We need to reproduce • We need to grow and develop • We need energy • We need to interact with the environment

  28. We need structure Tissue Cell Structure gives us function! Organ Organelle Molecule Organism

  29. We need to reproduce

  30. We need to grow and develop

  31. We need energy

  32. We interact with the environment

  33. What we will study: • We need structure • Molecular structure: Cell • We need to reproduce • Genetics • We need to grow and develop • Cell growth/replication • We need energy • Cell metabolism • We need to interact with the environment • Cell sensing/membrane interactions • Regulation

  34. Who are we? Underlying theme: How are we different?

  35. How are we the same? • Same basic molecular make-up (atoms, compounds, macromolecules, etc…) • Same genetic code:DNA • Similar genesproteins • Similar cell structure

  36. How are we different?Evolution • Simple  Complex organisms • More genes  More proteins  More enzymes • Different genes  Different proteins  Different enzymes • More and different organelles  more and different cells  more and different tissue  more and different organs

  37. Who are we? • We need structure • We need to reproduce • We need to grow and develop • We need energy • We need to interact with the environment Underlying theme: Evolution has created diversity WE=ALL ORGANISMS

  38. (where life is possible) (living and non living environment) (All organisms in a given place & time) (A group of the same type of organism living in the same place and time) (A living individual) (Organs connected physically or chemically that function together) (A structure consisting of tissues organized to carry out specific functions)

  39. (The fundamental unit of life) (A collection of specialized cells) (A membrane bound structure within a complex cell) ( A small group of joined atoms) (The smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance or element)

  40. The Cell Theory • Pattern Component of the Cell Theory: a pattern observed in nature • Cells are first described and identified – Hooke, 1665 and van Leeuwenhoek. • Plant tissues composed of cells – Malphigi, 1670's • Schleiden and Schwann – all organisms are composed of cells.

  41. Figure 1.1 The first view of cells: Robert Hooke’s drawing from 1665 Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to view a single-celled “animalcules” in pond water.

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