Study Skills and Key Terms Overton County Adult Education 2012 - 2013

1. Study Skills and Key Terms Overton County Adult Education 2012 - 2013

2. Study Skills • Some GED students have been out of a traditional school setting for an extended amount of time and re-entering an educational environment successfully will depend upon attitude. • Learning is an active process • If you don’t participate in learning, you will NOT be successful. • Each step in the learning process takes EFFORT on YOUR part.

3. Earning YOUR GED • If you’re going to earn your GED, then YOU’VE got to EARN IT! • Anything worth this much of your time should be taken seriously. • Your success is up to YOU!

4. Supplies for GED Classes • 3-ring Binder Notebook • Pens • Pencils • Paper • Notecards (used to make study flash cards) • Bring Materials to EVERY Class!

5. Cell Phones • Class time, note taking, study time; these are all NO CELL PHONE ACTIVITIES! • THIS INCLUDES TEXTING!!!!

6. GED Test What is the majority of the GED test? • Language • Multiple Choice • Essay • Math • Multiple choice • Alternate format • Science • Multiple choice • Reading • Multiple choice • Social Studies • Multiple Choice MULTIPLE CHOICE!!!!

7. Multiple Choice Tests • When taking a multiple choice test, you usually have 5 options. Your job is to identify the one correct option. You can do this by: • IF you know the material, first answer the question mentally and then read all the options and choose the correct one. • IF you know the material but can’t answer the question mentally, read all the options, eliminate those you know are incorrect, and choose the answer from those items remaining. The more options you eliminate, the more likely you are to choose correctly. • If you do not know the material, or if you can’t figure out the answer, guess.

8. GED Math • Many students fail the math portion of the practice test before they even walk in the door. • The questions on the math test are LIFE SKILLS. • A lot of the time NO COMPUTATION (no math) is required to solve the problem. • It is always possible to eliminate answers that do not make sense. • Make sure to READ the question at least twice!

9. Multiplication Facts Not knowing a skills can hinder your ability to take the GED test. It may take longer to figure out a problem. For example: multiplication facts One way to brush up on this skill is make some flash cards and practice daily! Multiplication facts are a DRILL, Drill, drill, SKILL!

10. Key Terms • Many people miss test questions because they lack understanding of certain math terms. • By understanding the meanings, math problems can then be solved correctly.

11. Addition Key Words Add ( +) Plus (adding numbers) Sum (2 or more items added together) *Total (final answer after all numbers added together) Altogether Combined (bringing together many numbers by adding) Increased by (set number then add more numbers to it) In all (total / add) When combining different amounts

12. Altogether • Addition – problems can be written in many forms Vertical (up and down) form: 23 +13 Horizontal (sentence form): 23 + 13 = Or in a word problem: Mary bought shoes for $12.98, a scarf for $16.92 and a watch for $25.00. How much did Mary spend altogether? First, find the clue word. Second, get your answer.

13. Now lets do some ADDITION . . . 609 2. 924 + 15+ 88

14. Now lets do some ADDITION . . . 609 2. 924 + 15+ 88 624 1012

15. Subtraction Vocabulary Subtract (-) Minus (Take away) Difference(when two or more numbers are subtracted) Reduced (smaller) Change (refers to money) More than > Less than < Decreased by (small number subtracted from a larger number Farther than (travel)

16. Reduction • Subtractionproblems can be written in many forms • Vertical(up and down): 98 - 26 Horizontal(sentence form): 98 - 26= In a word problem: The Smith’s house payment is $1,450 and is being reduced by $245. How much will the house payment be after this reduction? What is the clue word?

17. Subtraction Practice 621 2. 318 - 30 - 41

18. Subtraction Practice 621 2. 318 - 30 - 41 591 277

19. Addition and Subtraction Word Problems Jan went to the market to buy tailgating food. She bought 2 bags of chips for $2.69 each, hotdogs for 2.49 and buns for $1.29. How much did she spend altogether? 2. Anna is having a party. She is buying pizza for everyone. She invited 14 people, so she is ordering 4 pizzas at a cost of $10.98, $14.63, $8.98, and $12.76. What is the total cost of the pizzas? She gave the delivery guy $50.00. How much change will she get back?

20. Addition and Subtraction Word Problems Jan went to the market to buy tailgating food. She bought 2 bags of chips for $2.69 each, hotdogs for 2.49 and buns for $1.29. How much did she spend altogether? 2.69 + 2.69 + 2.49 + 1.29 = 9.16 2. Anna is having a party. She is buying pizza for everyone. She invited 14 people, so she is ordering 4 pizzas at a cost of $10.98, $14.63, $8.98, and $12.76. What is the total cost of the pizzas? She gave the delivery guy $50.00. How much change will she get back? 10.98 + 14.63 + 8.98 + 12.76 = 47.35 50.00 - 47.35=2.65

21. Multiplication Key Words Times (x) Twice (x2) Total (look at other key words) Multiply Product (result of multiplying one or more numbers) When finding several of a given amount When given the part and finding the whole

22. Multiplication problems can be written in many forms – • The format that is most recognizable is using the “x” between two numbers, example: 2 x 3. • Using a dot between numbers also means multiply. • Parenthesis around a number means multiply. (9)(6), 5(3)

23. TOTAL • Vertical: 45 22 × 2x22 • Horizontal: 45 x 5 = • In a word problem: Billy’s BBQ sold 365 small drinks at the Summer Festival. If the small cup was 6oz, how many ounces (oz) total did Billy’s BBQ sell? What is the clue?

24. Multiplication Problems 2 3 2. 8 1 x 8 x 5

25. Multiplication Problems 23 2. 81 x 8 x 5 1 8 4 4 0 5

26. Multiplication Practice • Steve is going in the store to get his friends a bottle of water. He needs to purchase 5 bottles at a cost of 1.49 each. What is his total cost, before tax? • 2. Frank has a new car. He needs to know how much to budget for gas each month. His car will hold 14 gallons, total. If gas is $2.89 per gallon, how much will the cost of a complete fill-up be?

27. Multiplication Practice Steve is going in the store to get his friends a bottle of water. He needs to purchase 5 bottles at a cost of 1.49 each. What is his total cost, before tax? 1.49 x 5 = 7.45 2. Frank has a new car. He needs to know how much to budget for gas each month. His car will hold 14 gallons, total. If gas is $2.89 per gallon, how much will the cost of each complete fill-up be? 2.89 x 14 = 40.46

28. Division Key Words Divide Into (one small number divided into a larger number – larger number goes inside the box) Quotient (answer to a division problem) Each Average -add several numbers and divide by set numbers given 15+5+15+5=40÷4=10avg (Two Step process). Mean is the same as finding the average. Split When given an amount and finding one part When sharing, cutting or splitting

29. Divisionproblems can be written in many forms • In the House: 2 45 • Fraction Form: 45 = 45 ÷ 5 5 • In a word problem: Sally drove 466 miles on a tank of gas. Her car was empty when she filled her car with 13 gallons. Howmany milesto the gallon did she get? What was the clue? Howmany milesto the gallon. . .

30. Division Practice • 1. 368 ÷ 8 = • 460 ÷ 5 =

31. Division Practice • 368 ÷ 8 = 46 • 460 ÷ 5= 92

32. Inequality Terms • Greater than > 6 > 2 • Less than < 2 < 6 • Equal to = 6 = 6 *The alligator eats the bigger number.

33. Signed numbers Signed numbers are seen on the assessment test Signed numbers are positive and negative numbers You can add and subtract signed numbers just like all other numbers Example. If you have 6 dollars in your checking account and you write a check for 3 dollars, how much would you have left? 6 – 3 = 3 think of the number line -6___-5__-4__-3__-2 __-1___0___1___2___3___4____5___6___ Both numbers are to the right of the 0 (positive). So, like any subtraction problem start with the largest number and move left.

34. -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 What would happen if you had 3 dollars in your account and you wrote a check for 5 dollars? Start with the positive number (3) and since we are subtracting, move five spaces to the left. -6 -5 -4 -3 - 2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 That would put you at -2 ….. -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 If you have a negative 2 dollars in your checking account and you write a check for two dollars, how much is now in your account? -4

35. Wait!!! What if there was a really simple way to remember what to do with addition and subtraction of signed numbers? Wouldn’t that be great?

37. What are the multiplication and division RULES of signed numbers? 4 x 4 = 16 -4 x – 4 = +16 -4 x 4 = - 16 Multiplication: positive x positive = positive positive x negative = negative negative x negative = positive Division: positive x positive = positive positive x negative = negative negative x negative = positive

39. Geometry vocabulary • Geometry on the GED test is understanding vocabulary • Parallel- two straight lines that stay the same distance apart and never touch • Perpendicular– intersecting lines that create a 90° • Where the two lines cross is called the POINT

40. Vertical line runs up and down • Horizontal line runs left to right • A ray is a straight path of points that has only one endpoint. • A line segmentis a straight path that has two endpoints • Perpendicular lines cross at a right angle

41. An angle if formed by two rays joinedat their endpoint. • The symbolis used to indicate an angle. • The measure or size of an angle is given in degrees. The symbol for degrees is (˚)- the angle measure is in front of the mark - 45˚.

42. Acute Angle- greater than 0˚ but less than 90˚ • Right Angle - exactly 90˚ • Obtuse Angle –greater than 90˚ but less than 180˚ • Straight Angle or line - EXACTLY 180˚

43. Complementary Angles • Two angles are complementary if theirsum is 90 degrees. Supplementary Angles • Two angles are supplementary if their sum is 180 degrees

44. In a triangle, the three angles always add to 180° • A + B + C = 180° A C B

45. Exponents 52 = 5x 5 NOT 5 x 2 52 Equals 5 x 5 = 25 53 Equals 5 x 5 x 5 = 125 NOT 5 x 3

46. X, Y Charts X axis – the horizontal line Y axis – the vertical line .

47. Order of Operations • ITMUST be done in this order, or the answer will be wrong! • Use this phraseto remember which operation comes first: PleaseExcuseMyDearAuntSally P –Parenthesis ( ) E –Exponents 22 , 32 M -Multiplication x D–Division ÷ A-Addition + S-Subtraction -

48. (2 x 4) 2 x (5 – 1 )+ 1 1. Parenthesis (2 x 4)2 x (5 – 1 )+ 1 2. Exponents ( 8) 2x (4 ) + 1 3. Multiply 64 x 4 + 1 4. Add 256 + 1 5. Answer: 257

49. Since the GED test is mostly written or word problems, it will be important to know the key words as each skill is introduced. It is important, when solving word problems, tobe able to recognize Key words.

50. Word Problems • When solving word problems, ask yourself these four questions: • 1. What is the problem asking? • 2. What numbers are needed to solve the problem? • 3. What operations will be used? Is it a multi-step problem? • 4. Does the answer make sense?