1 / 36

Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??

This article provides a comprehensive overview of biochemistry, focusing on metabolism and ATP. It explains concepts such as free energy, coupled reactions, and metabolic rate factors. It also explores the role of ATP in metabolic pathways and control of metabolic flux.

eallan
Download Presentation

Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous??

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous?? • http://www.detoxi-pad.com/

  2. Just enough biochemistry to be dangerous?? http://www.tahitiannoni.com/united_states/english/retail/store/research/index.html

  3. Chapter 15 Design of metabolism

  4. http://www.chem.uwec.edu/Chem454_S08/MetabolicchartBig.pdf

  5. G, Free Energy, recall:

  6. For biochemical reactions, we define a different standard state for the concentration of H+ • standard state for [H+] = 10-7 M, pH = 7.0 • this modified standard state is given the symbol G°’

  7. ATP • the experimental value of K’eq = 2.23 x 105

  8. ATP-Why? repulsion resonance BUT,it’s kinetically stable

  9. Other “high energy compounds

  10. "High energy" substance: a thermodynamically unstable substance whose hydrolysis or decomposition can be easily coupled to an unfavorable reaction. The arbitrary cut-off is~-10kJ/mol. There is no such thing as a "high energy bond" per se.

  11. Coupled Reactions Free energies are additive; favorable rxns can drive unfavorable;e.g.sequential coupling

  12. Sequential coupling

  13. Simultaneous coupling Example:Glucose to glucose-6-phosphate

  14. Example: calculate G°’ for this reaction involving phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and decide whether or not it is spontaneous • use the following information from Table 14.1

  15. Under aerobic conditions, glucose is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water • the efficiency of the energy conservation under aerobic conditions is approximately 34% • Metabolism concerns how you get from here to there!!

  16. Metabolic strategies-Oxidation(burning of carbon containing compounds)

  17. Substrate level phosphorylations

  18. Ion gradients

  19. Overall Process

  20. Recurring Motifs in Metabolism “Activated” electron and functional group carriers

  21. Electron Carriers: H:- NAD+

  22. Electron Carriers: FAD

  23. Typical Oxidation Reactions

  24. “Carbon” carriers

  25. Chemical Reaction “themes” in metabolism

  26. Chemical Reaction “themes” in metabolism:Patterns

  27. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate • Metabolism operates at a steady state. • Metabolites flow through the steady state

  28. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  29. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate • Metabolites flow through the steady state ATP

  30. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  31. Factors Affecting Metabolic Rate

  32. Factors Affecting Metabolic Flow or flux through pathways • Amounts of enzymes • Catalytic activity of enzymes • Availability of substrates

  33. ATP Balance affects many metabolic pathways

  34. ATP Balance affects many metabolic pathways

  35. J J S A B CONTROL OF METABOLIC FLUX, J rate determining step P e.g. glucose pyruvate

  36. CONTROL OF METABOLIC FLUX, J e.g. Substrate Cycling: See glycolysis (F-6-P to F1,6-BP)

More Related