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Calculate the probability of getting heads in a coin toss and estimate the number of heads in 50 tosses. Examples and guided practice included.
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Coin Toss Predict the number of times a coin will land heads up in 50 coin tosses. There are two equally likely outcomes when you toss the coin, heads or tails. 1 1 Number of favorable outcomes P(heads) = = 2 2 Number of possible outcomes ANSWER You can predict that , or 25, of the tosses will land heads up. EXAMPLE 1 Using Theoretical Probability
18 P(rolling a 6) = Number of favorable outcomes Total number of rolls 100 ANSWER The experimental probability of rolling a 6 is 18%. EXAMPLE 2 Finding Experimental Probability You roll a number cube 100 times. Your results are given in the table below. Find the experimental probability of rolling a 6. = 0.18 = 18%
STEP 1 2 1 Find the experimental probability of a button being defective. P(defective) = = 150 300 EXAMPLE 3 Standardized Test Practice SOLUTION
STEP 2 1 Multiply the probability by the total number of buttons in the shipment and round to the nearest whole number. 20,000 133 150 ANSWER You could expect about 133 buttons in a shipment of 20,000 to be defective. The correct answer is C. EXAMPLE 3 Standardized Test Practice
Number Cube Use the information given in Example 2. What is the experimental probability of rolling a number greater than 3? What is the theoretical probability of this event? ANSWER The experimental probability of rolling a number greater than 3 is 48%. The theoretical probability of rolling a number greater than 3 is 50%. for Examples 1, 2 and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE
What If? Use the information in Example 3. About how many buttons would you expect to be defective in a shipment of 25,000 buttons? ANSWER You could expect about 167 buttons in a shipment of 25,000 to be defective. for Examples 1, 2 and 3 GUIDED PRACTICE