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Planes and Positions, Body Cavities and Membranes

Planes and Positions, Body Cavities and Membranes. PLANES. 3 major planes:. Median Sagittal Plane- a sagittal cut that runs directly through the median. VS. POSITIONS. The Basic Regions. dorsal:   toward the back of the body ventral :  toward the underside of the body

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Planes and Positions, Body Cavities and Membranes

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  1. Planes and Positions, Body Cavities and Membranes

  2. PLANES

  3. 3 major planes:

  4. Median Sagittal Plane- a sagittal cut that runs directly through the median. VS.

  5. POSITIONS

  6. The Basic Regions • dorsal:  toward the back of the body • ventral:  toward the underside of the body • anterior (cranial):  toward the head end of the body • posterior (caudal):  toward the tail end of the body

  7. Dorsal Anterior/ Superior Posterior/ Inferior Ventral

  8. lateral:  to the side of the body • median:  toward the center of the body • right and left:  the pig's right and left, not yours! • proximal or basal:  closer to the trunk • distal:  farther from the trunk

  9. Lateral Proximal/ Basal Distal

  10. Right Lateral Median Proximal/ Basal Left Distal

  11. Body Regions • cranial region: head • cervical region: neck • thoracic region: trunk • caudal region: abdomoninal region/tail region • pelvic region: near pelvis • Pectoral region: shoulder area

  12. 1. cranial region: head • 2. cervical region: neck • thoracic region: trunk • 4. caudal region • 5. pelvic region: near pelvis • 6. Pectoral region: shoulder area 2 4 1 3 6 5

  13. Thoracic Cavity- above the diaphragm • Pericardial Cavity-contains heart Pleural Cavity-contains lungs Pericardial Cavity

  14. Abdominal Cavity (Peritoneum) • Cavity below the diaphragm

  15. MEMBRANES

  16. Membranes- what is the function of the following? • Parietal Pleura • Visceral Pleura • Parietal Peritoneum • Visceral Peritoneum • Pericardium • Greater Omentum • Mesentery

  17. Break it down… • Parietals – Line the CAVITY they are in • Viscerals – Line the ORGANS • Pleura – refers to the chest area (pleural cavity) • Peritoneum – refers to the abdominal area • Pericardial – peri = around; cardial= the heart • Greater Omentum- holds the spleen in place by attaching it to the stomach • Mesentery- between the parts of the small intestine

  18. So let’s try this again… • Parietal Pleura • Visceral Pleura • Parietal Peritoneum • Visceral Peritoneum • Pericardium • Greater Omentum • Mesentery

  19. Time to Clicker!

  20. Which membrane covers the organs of the chest area? • Parietal pleura • Parietal peritoneum • Visceral pleura • Visceral peritoneum • Pericardium • Greater omentum

  21. Which membrane attaches the spleen to the stomach? • Parietal pleura • Parietal peritoneum • Visceral pleura • Visceral peritoneum • Pericardium • Greater omentum

  22. Which membrane lines the chest area cavity? • Parietal pleura • Parietal peritoneum • Visceral pleura • Visceral peritoneum • Pericardium • Greater omentum

  23. Other membrane types • Synovial Membranes - • These membranes secrete a fluid to lubricate the ends of bones in joints. • Serous Membranes • These membranes secrete a watery fluid to keep the organs in the cavities lubricated and separated so they are able to move. • Meninges • These membranes provide a protective covering for the brain and spinal cord. • Mucous Membranes • These membranes line the tubes of the digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, and reproductive system for protection.

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