Dr. Seth H. Frisbie Office: U201 Extension: 2614 E-mail: sfrisbie@norwich

1. CH 103 Laboratory Dr. Seth H. Frisbie Office: U201 Extension: 2614 E-mail: sfrisbie@norwich.edu Website: http://norwichuniversitychemistry.org/index.htm Laboratory: U237 If you want help, please look for me in my office or laboratory anytime I am not teaching. Or you can go to my office hours. Finally, you can schedule an appointment with me. I enjoy helping students and I want to help you! Joseph Wright of Derby. 1771. The Discovery of Phosphorus.

2. ATTENDANCE • Attendance at the laboratory sections is mandatory. • Again, to pass the course, each student must complete all laboratory experiments. • EVERY EFFORT MUST BE MADE BY STUDENTS TO ATTEND THEIR SCHEDULED LABORATORY SESSIONS. THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO ADVANTAGE IN DELAYING ANY LABORATORY EXPERIMENT THROUGH AN ABSENCE.

3. LAB MAKE UPS • In the event of an excused absence, it is the responsibility of the student to make up the lab! • To make up a lab, the student should find a time that corresponds to a scheduled lab performing the same experiment and get the permission of the instructor of that lab section to make up the experiment. After the completion of the experiment the student will give the lab report to the instructor of that section, who in turn, will SIGN THE REPORT and forward it to the student’s regular lab instructor. • The student has one week to make up the work by attending the make up lab or another regularly scheduled lab section. • STUDENTS ARE NOT TO CUT OTHER CLASSES TO MAKE UP LABORATORIES. • EXTENSIONS TO THE ONE-WEEK MAKE UP RULE WILL BE MADE ONLY UNDER EXTREME CIRCUMSTANCES.

4. GRADES • The laboratory is worth 240 out of 1000 points (24%) of your final grade in CH 103. The activities for weeks 1 and 2 are worth 20 points. The activities for weeks 3 through 13 are worth 20 points each. • All pre-lab assignments are due at the start of the relevant laboratory period. • All data sheets and completed assignments are due at the end of the laboratory period. • A zero can be given for any overdue work. • Finally, any unsafe behavior, such as not wearing approved safety goggles, will result and a verbal warning for the first offense and a reduction in grade for all subsequent offenses.

5. PLAGIARISM • While students are encouraged to help each other in the understanding of the laboratory, each student is expected to do his/her own work (data collection, calculations, pre-lab exercises and questions). • Falsification of data is the most serious crime against science that an experimentalist can commit. THE ‘FUDGING’ OF DATA WILL NOT BE TOLERATED AND A GRADE OF ZERO WILL BE GIVEN SHOULD CIRCUMSTANCES DICTATE!

6. BEFORE COMING TO LAB • Each student is expected to have read the lab write up before coming to lab. • Each student is expected to have made a sincere attempt to complete the pre-lab exercise. • The faculty does not expect you to come to lab being experts in the experiment. However, you should come to lab and be able to discuss the experiment intelligently.

7. SAFETY • Refer to your laboratory manual.

8. LabActivity 1: Problem Solving Model 1: The Factor-Label Method (also called “dimensional analysis” or “unit analysis”) • The length, area, volume, or any other property of an object is expressed as a number and a unit.

9. Example #1: Find the perimeter of this rectangle. • First, express all the lengths and widths in the same units. In this example all the units are in meters (m). • Second, add these lengths and widths together. • Third, express your answer as a number and a unit. • 5 m + 3 m + 5 m + 3 m = 16 m • Notice that adding does NOT change the units. That is, the answer is in “meters”.

10. Example #2: You have a board that is 8 feet long. Then you cut 3 feet from this board. How long is the rest of this board? 8 feet – 3 feet = 5 feet • Notice that subtracting does NOT change the units.

11. Example #3: Find the area of this rectangle. • First, express all the lengths and widths in the same units. • Second, multiply the length times the width. • Third, express your answer as a number and a unit. • 5 m x 3 m = 15 m2 • Notice that multiplying DOES change the units from “meters” to “meters squared” (also called “square meters”).

12. Example #4: Paul Tergat set a world record for the marathon by running 26.2188 miles (26 miles 385 yards) in 2.0819 hours (2 hours 4 minutes 55 seconds). What was his average speed? • First, divide the distance in miles by the time in hours. • Second, express your answer as a number and a unit. • 26.2188 miles / 2.0819 hours = 12.5937 miles per hour • Notice that dividing DOES change the units from “miles” and “hours” to “miles per hour” (also written as “miles/hour”). (Confirm that 26 miles 385 yards equals 26.2188 miles. Hint: 1 mile = 1,760 yards.) (Confirm that 2 hours 4 minutes 55 seconds equals 2.0819 hours.)

13. Example #5: Conversion factors are used to change one unit into another unit. For example, use conversion factors to calculate the number of seconds in 1 year. • Notice that “days” cancel because it appears once in the numerator (“upstairs”) and once in the denominator (“downstairs”). Similarly, “hours” cancel and “minutes” cancel. Therefore, the answer is in “seconds per year” (also written as “seconds/year”). • Also notice that each conversion factor is a ratio of equivalent terms. That is, 365 days = 1 year, 24 hours = 1 day, 60 minutes = 1 hour, and 60 seconds = 1 minute.

14. Example #6: A football field is 100 yards long. What is its length in meters? Given: 1 yard = 3 feet 1 foot = 12 inches 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 meter = 100 centimeters

15. CHECK IN • Refer to your laboratory manual.