Essential Question

1. Essential Question Compare and contrast the 5 geographic regions of Africa.

2. Instructions • Anything written in yellow (SLOW down and pay attention) is useful information. You should write it in your notes IN YOUR OWN WORDS. • Anything in red (STOP and pay close attention) is critical information and should be copied exactly. • Anything in green (GO on to the next point) you do not have to write.

4. Africa

7. Geography

8. Geography

9. Brain Snack . . . .

10. In the Clouds Shown here is the shape of the African continent. Think of it as a cloud in the sky. What would you imagine it looks like?

11. 5 Regions(From driest to wettest)

12. Sahara Desert

13. Sahara Desert Little to no rainfall all year, few plants

14. Sahel

15. Sahel Region of savanna on the Southern border of the Sahara, hot

16. Savanna

17. Savanna grasslands, a warm area with lots of small plants

18. Niger River Delta

19. Niger River Delta Triangular shaped landform at the mouth of a river, great for farming.

20. Rain Forest

21. Rain Forest Central Africa, lots of rain, lots of trees

24. Brain Snack . . . .

25. Tweet, Tweet! @student: Summarize the previous section in less than 140 letters and include a topic with a hash tag. #HowToDoTweetTweet

26. Society

27. Oral History

28. Oral History • Most African groups did not write down their histories. • Instead, story-tellers called griots would memorize the stories and tell them back to people. • Their job specifically was to keep track of family stories.

29. Communities • African towns and cities were centers of government and trade. • Traders and artisans thrived in these communities. • Artisans were skilled in metalworking, woodworking, pottery making, and other crafts.

30. Family Ties • The family formed the basis of African society. • People often lived in extended families, or families made up of several generations. • Extended families included parents, children, grandparents, and other relatives. These families ranged in size from a few individuals to hundreds of members.

31. Extended families • Extended families were part of larger social groups known as lineage groups. • As in many other ancient societies, older members had more power than younger people. • Members of a lineage group were expected to support and care for each other.

32. African Women • Africa acted mostly as wives and mothers. • European were amazed to learn that women served as soldiers in some African armies. • African women also served as rulers. • Queen Dahia al-Kahina led an army against Arab invaders. • Queen Nzinga, who governed lands in southwestern Africa.