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History of American Social Welfare

History of American Social Welfare. Eight Periods Characterized by:. Specific Values Social Welfare Policies. Social Values Influence Social Welfare Policy. Colonial Period. Social Policies : Elizabethan Poor Law Rules – almshouses, workhouses, etc

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History of American Social Welfare

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  1. History of American Social Welfare

  2. Eight Periods Characterized by: • Specific Values • Social Welfare Policies

  3. Social Values Influence Social Welfare Policy

  4. Colonial Period • Social Policies: Elizabethan Poor Law Rules –almshouses, workhouses, etc • Values: Individualism, individual responsibility for condition • Individual effort highly regarded • Abundant, limitless natural resources

  5. Colonial Period • Values: consistent with WASP traditions • Individual effort highly regarded--work • Morality • Carnal nature of humankind

  6. Pre-Civil War1801-1860 • Social Policy: Residential Institutions • Values: placing people with similar problems together • Ease of managing needy in institutions

  7. Civil War/Postwar Period1861-1874 • Social Policy: First Federal Intervention • Values: segretation, federal govt. as resources for those in need. • South in shambles—huge problems • Poor and freed slaves

  8. Progressive Era1875-1925 • Social Policy: Birth of Social Work profession—social needs of immigrants/poor etc., focus of concern • Values: • Importance of environment and structural factors. • Govt. help in correcting economic imbalances. • Worker rights. • Social Responsibility

  9. Progressive Era1875-1925 • Considerable prosperity • industrial production/overproduction • Credit buying • Spending rather than saving • Needs for durable goods satisfied

  10. Great Depression/New Deal1926-1940 • Social Policy: Social Insurance and Public Assistance • Values: social and economic conditions contribute to economic distress • Economy collapses

  11. Great Depression/New Deal1926-1940 • FDR: “only thing to fear is fear itself” • Federal govt. should help financially • Infuse money back into the economy • Put people back to work • Public works projects WPA, CCC, many others

  12. WWII and After1941-1959 • Social Policy: GI Bill • Values: Individual well-being • WWII may have helped end depression • Industrial production revitalized • Women working in industry/war effort

  13. WWII and After1941-1959 • Home/family life—particularly nuclear families • Service personnel honored and supported

  14. Social Reform Period1960-1975 • Social Policy: War on Poverty, civil rights, voting rights • Values: social responsibility, question authority • Strong effort to end poverty • Numerous social welfare programs • Johnson administration

  15. Retrenchment Period1976-2000 • Regan Administration • Social programs terminated • External aid only for “worthy” poor

  16. Retrenchment Period1976-2000 • Social Policy: Cutbacks and local control • Values: Individual and Family responsibility • More decision making given to states • Reduced Federal programs and controls

  17. Retrenchment Period1976-2000 • Social Policy: Cutbacks and local control • Values: Individual and Family responsibility • More decision making given to states • Reduced Federal programs and controls

  18. Retrenchment Period1976-2000 • Social Policy: Cutbacks and local control • Values: Individual and Family responsibility • More decision making given to states • Reduced Federal programs and controls

  19. Beyond 2000 • Social Policy: Welfare reform, time limit for public assistance (TANF) • Carter, Clinton, Bush administrations

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