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New Threats from Overseas

New Threats from Overseas. Aim: The Embargo Act and its effects. Tribute – bribe. Impressment – the practice of forcing people into service. Embargo – ban on trade. Smuggling – importing or exporting goods in violation of trade laws.

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New Threats from Overseas

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  1. New Threats from Overseas Aim: The Embargo Act and its effects

  2. Tribute – bribe. • Impressment – the practice of forcing people into service. • Embargo – ban on trade. • Smuggling – importing or exporting goods in violation of trade laws. • Blockade – the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out. • Barbary States – nations along the coast of North Africa. Keep an eye out! Terms to Know

  3. Trading Around the World • After the Revolution, American overseas trade grew rapidly. • Some voyages lasted three years. • Traders sawed ice from ponds & traded it in India for silk & spice. • 1784: Empress of China becomes 1st ship to trade with China. • Traders bought furs from Native Americans & sold them for large profits in China.

  4. Traders ran a great risk, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. • Pirates from Barbary States attacked passing vessels. • U.S. paid yearly tribute to rulers of Barbary States (Tripoli) to protect their ships. • In 1801, Tripoli increased the tribute. Jefferson refused to pay & Tripoli declared war on the U.S. Conflict with Barbary States

  5. Jefferson ordered blockade on port of Tripoli. • During blockade, American ship Philadelphia ran aground near Tripoli. • Pirates boarded the ship & put the crew in prison; they planned to use the ship to attack other ships. • America sent another ship & set fire to the Philadelphia. • U.S. Marines landed on the c coast of North Africa and launched a surprise attack on Tripoli. Tripoli signed a treaty promising not to interfere with American ships. Tripping Up Tripoli

  6. American Neutrality Is Violated • Britain & France went to war in 1803. • Problem for America • At first, America profited from trade with both. • Profits increased & America built more ships. • Britain & France did not want U.S. to trade supplies with its enemy. • Between 1805 & 1807, hundreds of U.S. ships were captured and sailors were impressed.

  7. Jefferson knew that the small American fleet was no match for the British Navy. • He looked to avoid war. • Jefferson hoped an embargo would hurt France & Britain by cutting off needed supplies. • “Our trade is the most powerful weapon we can use in our defense.” • What do you think is meant by this statement? Jefferson Tries an Embargo

  8. Embargo Act of 1807 • In 1807, Jefferson persuaded Congress to impose a total embargo on foreign trade. • The Embargo Act hurt Britain & France. • Do you think the embargo affected the U.S.? • Yes, Americans suffered greatly from the embargo. • Docks in the South were piled high with cotton and tobacco.

  9. Imports such as sugar, tea, and molasses were cut off. • Exports dropped by more than $80 million. • New England merchants were hurt most of all. • Merchants protested the embargo & turned to smuggling. • Jefferson used the Navy to enforce the embargo. Embargo Act

  10. A Limited Ban • In 1809, Jefferson admitted that the Embargo Act had failed. • Congress replaced it with the milder Nonintercourse Act. • This allowed Americans to carry on trade with all nations except Britain & France. • The embargo was the most unpopular measure of Jefferson’s presidency.

  11. What is the message in this cartoon?

  12. REVIEW • Trading around the world • Conflict with Barbary States • Tripping up Tripoli • American Neutrality is Violated • Embargo Act 1807 • Limited Ban

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