Northern Sea Route ( NSR ) and Development of the Arctic Coastal Areas

1. Northern Sea Route (NSR)and Development of the Arctic Coastal Areas Prof. Vladimir PAVLENKODirector for Science,N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Researchof the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCIArctic), Arkhangelsk, the Russian Federation Vice-President, International Arctic Science Committee US ARC, Washington, D.C. July 18-20, 2017

2. History of development NSR 1525 year– first maps of the coastal zone of Arctic Ocean (Moskovii) and first project NSR by Dmitry Gerasimov – special Ambassador of Tzar Ivan III. 1932year – O. Shmidtexpedition is the start of regular communication along the NSR by “AlexandrSibiriakov” icebreaker. 1941-45 years– Nothernsea transport communications: foreign routes for export from the USA and England to Russia and internal routes via the NSR. Transit via NSR: 120 vessels and 450 thousand tons totally. Lider “Baku”, destroyers «Razumniy» and «Raz’yarenniy» from Vladivostok to Kola gulf by the NSR 15.07 – 14.10.1942

3. Development of the atomic icebreaker fleet LENIN 20.11.1953 – build by the decision of the Council of Ministry of the USSR 25.08.1956– start of construction 03.12.1959– put into operation 1989 – decommissioning A number of ice pilotage: 3741 ships The need to ensure the functioning and development of the Norilsk industrial district The need to switch over to year-round navigation in the West Arctic region The creation of a powerful nuclear icebreaking fleet and infrastructure on the coast of the Kara sea and the Yenisei river To implement the program of transition to year-round navigation, the state has spent approximately $ 200 billion (in prices of 1975)

4. The NSR is a way to markets in Europe andAsia Северный морской путь Мурманск Роттердам Витино м. Дровяной, Ямал Суэцкий канал Япония п. Кобе Корея п. Пусан Китай п. Нинбо

5. Data on transit flights (2010-2015)

6. The first winter shipment of crude oil from the Novoportovskoye oilfield, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region 20 February 2015

7. Operation of the nuclear icebreakers on the offshore terminal of the Novoportovskoye field from February 2015 Schedule 2015: 2 tankers per month 7 tankers totally Each tanker is loaded with approximately of 16,000 tons of crude oil. New tanker with the deadweight of 36,000 tons to start work in the summer of 2017. The volume of export of crude oil will come to ~ 700 tons per month.

8. Atomic lighter "Sevmorput" • the ship of the enforced ice class with a nuclear power plant of 40 000 HP capacity • ability to break ice up to 1.5 meters; • full capacity: 33 980 tons with a draft of 11.8 meters; • in the container option can carry 1324 20-foot container, including reefer.

9. Development of the NSR as a integrated task within the framework of Russian Arctic policy

10. FCIArctic’ projects of Integrated Arctic Coastal and Marine Spatial Development in 2013–2018 • Enhancement of Mechanisms of Realization of the National Social-Economic Policy of the Northern Areas of Russia, 2013–2015; • Theoretical and Methodological Frameworks for Management of Development of the AZRF, 2013–2015; • Development of the Northern Sea Route Infrastructure, 2013–2015; • Sociological Survey «Human and Economic Potential of Coastal Areas in European Part of the Russian Arctic Zone (case of Arkhangelsk Region)», 2015; • Scientific and Methodological Frameworks of the System of Integrated Management of Coastal Areas in the AZRF for Balanced Social-Economic Development, 2015–2017 (ongoing); • Development and Assessment of the Expert-Analytical System for Strategic Decision-Making in the AZRF Transport System Development, 2015–2017 (ongoing); • Life-Sustaining Activity of the Resident Population in the Arctic Coastal Areas under Contemporary Conditions of Industrial Development in the Region, 2016–2018, (ongoing), in partnership with the Scientific Center for the Arctic Research (Salekhard, Yamal)

11. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION