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Ancient Discoveries and Modern Understanding of Atomic Structure

Explore the journey of atomic structure, from Democritus' deduction of the atom to modern understanding through the Scanning Tunneling Microscope. Learn about key figures and their contributions, from Lavoisier's chemical reactions to Franklin's study of electricity.

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Ancient Discoveries and Modern Understanding of Atomic Structure

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  1. Chapter 3 Atomic Structure

  2. DEMOCRITUS • Greek philosopher • 470-380 BC • Deduced the ‘atom’ • Greek for • Everything in universe is made of

  3. Lavoisier • Concluded a chemical reaction

  4. Proust • Law of • A given compound always has the same ratios of elements

  5. Dalton • Atomic theory of matter

  6. Dalton’s Postulates • Each element is • All atoms of a given element are

  7. Dalton’s Postulates • Atoms are • A given compound always

  8. How did he know? • Indirect evidence • Observations on how things reacted

  9. Scanning Tunneling Microscope • Atoms in Silicon

  10. Structure • Michael Faraday • Proved atoms contained

  11. Ben Franklin • Studied static electricity • Flew a kite in a thunderstorm • Don’t do this at home • Concluded 2 charges

  12. Charges • Positive (+) • Negative (-) • Like charges • Opposite charges • Built up • When the electrons jump to a door or person…

  13. Cathode Rays • TV • Electrons moving through a glass tube with little pressure inside. • J.J. Thompson

  14. Atomic Structure Review • Proton • Neutron • Electron

  15. The Modern Day Atom • Nucleus: • Orbiting Nucleus:

  16. Atomic Numbers (Z) • Equal to • NEVER CHANGES

  17. Mass Number (A) • Sum of

  18. Isotopes of the Elements • Same • Different number of

  19. Isotopes • Defined: • Will have different mass • C-12 • C-13

  20. Average Atomic Mass • Ave Mass = • No • No • Only

  21. Practice • What is the average atomic mass of the following element. Isotope/mass Abundance Q-54 43% Q-55 29% Q-53 17% Q-56 11%

  22. Ions of the Elements • Same number of • Has lost or gained • Contains

  23. Practice • How many electrons in

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