Mikhail M. Stolnitz Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia

1. Saratov State University Optics & Biomedical Physics Department GLYCEROL AS OPTICAL CLEARING AGENT FOR BIOTISSUES:TERMS, PROPERTIES,CONSTANTS AND FORMULAS.QUICK REFERENCE Mikhail M. Stolnitz Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia

2. Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

3. Itroduction “Our aim in this compilation is to present the more important of the available data on glycerine and its aqueous solutions for ready reference.” [1] Saratov Fall Meeting 2014

4. Nomenclature Glycerol is a simple polyol (sugar alcohol) compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature [2]. IUPAC name: propane-1,2,3-triol Other names: glycerin, glycerine, propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane Glycerine (sometimes glycerin) is the term most often applied to the commercial product, which usually contains a small percentage of water. Glycerol (chemically, also 1,2,3-propanetriol) refers to the chemical compound and content in a formulation. specifically to the trihydric alcohol C3H5(OH)3. Structure of glycerol, skeletal formula Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

5. Mechanical properties Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

6. Thermodynamical Properties Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

7. Electrical Properties Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

8. Optical Properties Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

9. References Physical Properties of Glycerine and Its Solutions. ‒ New York: Glycerine Producers' Association, 1963. ‒ 27 с. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol Adamenko I. I., Zelinsky S. O., Korolovich V. V. Thermodynamic Properties of Glycerol-Water Solution // Ukrainian Journal of Physics. ‒ 2007. ‒ T. 52, № 9. ‒ C. 855-859. Akinkunmi F. O., Jahn D. A., Giovambattista N. Effects of Temperature on the Thermodynamic and Dynamical Properties of Glycerol-Water Mixtures: A Computer Simulation Study of Three Different Force Fields // Journal of Physical Chemistry B. ‒ 2015. ‒ T. 119, № 20. ‒ C. 6250-6261. Alkindi A. S., Al-Wahaibi Y. M., Muggeridge A. H. Physical Properties (Density, Excess Molar Volume, Viscosity, Surface Tension, and Refractive Index) of Ethanol plus Glycerol // Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data. ‒ 2008. ‒ T. 53, № 12. ‒ C. 2793-2796. Angulo-Sherman A., Mercado-Uribe H. Ionic transport in glycerol-water mixtures // Ionics. ‒ 2015. ‒ T. 21, № 3. ‒ C. 743-748. Bastiansen O. Intra-Molecular Hydrogen Bonds in Ethylene Glycol, Glycerol, and Ethylene Chlorohydrin // ActaChemicaScandinavica. ‒ 1949. ‒ T. 3, № 4. ‒ C. 415-421. Behrends R., Fuchs K., Kaatze U., Hayashi Y., Feldman Y. Dielectric properties of glycerol/water mixtures at temperatures between 10 and 50 degrees C // Journal of Chemical Physics. ‒ 2006. ‒ T. 124, № 14. ‒ C. 8. Beigzadeh R., Rahimi M., Shabanian S. R. Developing a feed forward neural network multilayer model for prediction of binary diffusion coefficient in liquids // Fluid Phase Equilibria. ‒ 2012. ‒ T. 331. ‒ C. 48-57. Bhaganna P., Volkers R. J. M., Bell A. N. W., Kluge K., Timson D. J., McGrath J. W., Ruijssenaars H. J., Hallsworth J. E. Hydrophobic substances induce water stress in microbial cells // Microbial Biotechnology. ‒ 2010. ‒ T. 3, № 6. ‒ C. 701-716. Boral S., Bohidar H. B. Effect of Water Structure on Gelation of Agar in Glycerol Solutions and Phase Diagram of Agar Organogels // Journal of Physical Chemistry B. ‒ 2012. ‒ T. 116, № 24. ‒ C. 7113-7121. Brisson D., Vohl M. C., St-Pierre J., Hudson T. J., Gaudet D. Glycerol: a neglected variable in metabolic processes? // Bioessays. ‒ 2001. ‒ T. 23, № 6. ‒ C. 534-542. Brochier B., Marczak L. D. F., Norena C. P. Z. Osmotic Dehydration of Yacon Using Glycerol and Sorbitol as Solutes: Water Effective Diffusivity Evaluation // Food and Bioprocess Technology. ‒ 2015. ‒ T. 8, № 3. ‒ C. 623-636. Callendar H. L. On Vapour-Pressure and Osmotic Pressure of Strong Solutions // Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. ‒ 1908. ‒ T. 80, № 541. ‒ C. 466-500. Castello M. L., Dweck J., Aranda D. A. G. Thermal stability and water content determination of glycerol by thermogravimetry // Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. ‒ 2009. ‒ T. 97, № 2. ‒ C. 627-630. Chattoraj S., Chowdhury R., Ghosh S., Bhattacharyya K. Heterogeneity in binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol: Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy // Journal of Chemical Physics. ‒ 2013. ‒ T. 138, № 21. ‒ C. 214507-1-214507-8. Chelli R., Gervasio F. L., Gellini C., Procacci P., Cardini G., Schettino V. Density functional calculation of structural and vibrational properties of glycerol // Journal of Physical Chemistry A. ‒ 2000. ‒ T. 104, № 22. ‒ C. 5351-5357. Saratov Fall Meeting 2015

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