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Tool Materials and Carbide Inserts. Tool materials. - high carbon steels - high speed steel - carbide - ceramic - diamond. High carbon tool steels. used for hand tools such as files and chisels sometimes for drilling and turning etc. High speed steels.
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Tool materials - high carbon steels - high speed steel - carbide - ceramic - diamond
High carbon tool steels • used for hand tools such as files and chisels • sometimes for drilling and turning etc.
High speed steels • may be used at higher speeds (100 sfpm - in mild steel)
Cemented carbides • products of the powder metallurgy process • small particles of tungsten and carbon powders mixed together with a metal of lower melting point (usually cobalt)
Cemented carbides (Cont.) • mixture is compressed • heated to around 2600 deg F. to complete the sintering process where the cobalt melts and forms a binder or matrix around the tungsten and carbon particles
Carbide tools • most widely used tool materials in the machining industry • insert is normally brazed or clamped to the tool holder • or the entire tool is made of carbide (small mill cutters)
Tool setup • cutting tool should be exactly on center • use heaviest depth of cut possible • never stop the machine while feed is engaged
Identification and selection of indexible inserts and tool holders
ANSI Standard identification system • Indexible Inserts
Dimensional Tolerances (Position 3) • inscribed circle • thickness
ANSI Standard identification system • Tool Holders (Lathe)
holder styles • continued
Hand of Tool (Position 5) • Right, Neutral (Straight), Left
Shank Size (Positions 6 & 7) • in 16ths of an inch
Insert I.C. Size (Position 8) • in 1/8ths of an inch