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GLOBAL RAILWAY ENGINEERING (Pty) Ltd.

GLOBAL RAILWAY ENGINEERING (Pty) Ltd. SCHEFFEL BOGIE. PRODUCES SAVINGS. & CARBON CREDITS. By:. Linden Bradfield Railway Design Engineer Global Railway Engineering Email: linden@globalgroups.org Mobile: +27 83 269 1243 Tel: +27 11 230 1900. INTRODUCTION. PRINCIPLE OF SELF-STEERING

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GLOBAL RAILWAY ENGINEERING (Pty) Ltd.

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  1. GLOBAL RAILWAY ENGINEERING (Pty) Ltd.

  2. SCHEFFEL BOGIE PRODUCES SAVINGS & CARBON CREDITS

  3. By: Linden Bradfield Railway Design Engineer Global Railway Engineering Email:linden@globalgroups.org Mobile: +27 83 269 1243 Tel: +27 11 230 1900

  4. INTRODUCTION PRINCIPLE OF SELF-STEERING Pure Rolling - Radially aligned Axles Flange steering - Axles held parallel 2. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE Using TFR’s 30 years experience with Self-Steering Bogies Simulation - $avings Converting this to Carbon Credit value 3. CONCLUSION

  5. SELF-STEERING BOGIEBASIC PRINCIPLE

  6. Self Steering Bogie

  7. “Steering Mechanism” Adaptor Sub-Frame & Cross-Anchors Shear Pads Self Steering Bogie - showing Steering Components in RED

  8. RADIAL ALIGNMENT “Pure Rolling – Steer” Axles Radially Aligned Axles held rigidly parallel “Flange – Steer” (Sliding/Grinding) Axles Rigidly Paralell Axles point towards centre of curve

  9. TFR’s EXPERIENCEOVER LAST 30 YRS Acknowledgement: Dr R D Fröhling “Strategies to control wheel profile wear” Transwerk Freight Rail, South Africa (TFR)

  10. WHEEL WEAR Acknowledgement: Dr R D Fröhling “Strategies to control wheel profile wear” “Wear Rate Factor” compares rate of wear of a non-steering to a self-steering bogie over wheel tread. Over Taping Line regeon WRF=5.5 and at Flange WRF tends to infinity.

  11. RAIL WEAR RESULTING FROM FLANGE-STEERING Wear Angle

  12. ADVANTAGES OF SELF-STEERING • Increased wheel life ( x 5.5) • Increased rail life ( x 40) • Higher stability and speeds (10%) • Higher Derailment Stability - Flange related derailments eliminated (100%) • Reduced fuel consumption (4 - 5%) • Higher availability of rolling stock (lower maintenance) - (9%)

  13. PAYBACK MODEL SHOWING FINANCIAL ADVANTAGE OF SELF STEERING BOGIE over STANDARD 3-PIECE BOGIE QUANTIFYING $AVINGS Applying to Ermelo – Richards Bay:

  14. CARBON CREDITS The Scheffel Self Steering Bogie has recently been acknowledged as being Carbon Credit – worthy. Typical value on Ermelo – Richards Bay line is:

  15. Had this been a registered Carbon Credit project it would have yielded approximately 1 869 354 CC’s or $60 338 461

  16. SOURCES 1. USA Energy Information Admin. (Fuel & Energy Source Codes & Emission Coefficients): • To produce 1 ton steel emits 1 ton of CO2; which = 1 CC • Burning 1 litre diesel emits 2.69 kg CO2 2. Roger Emblom: - “Simulation of wheel & Rail wear profile evolution – wear modeling and validation” • Rail wear rate (vs tangent track) 3. Dr R D Fröhling “Strategies to control wheel profile wear” 4. Dr H Scheffel - various 5. R von Gericke - various

  17. WHERE IN THE WORLD DO WE FIND SCHEFFEL BOGIES? • Australia • Austria • Brazil • China • Ghana • India • Mozambique • Russia • South Africa • Sweden • United States of America • Zambia • Zimbabwe

  18. CONCLUSION With Carbon Credits …. The concept of the Scheffel Self-Steering Bogie has matured 30 years of experience in South Africa builds confidence Savings are now proven Carbon Credits are an exciting addition to value added In the present economic downturn, the Scheffel Bogie can turn an uneconomical venture into a “cash-cow” GRE has turned this bogie GREEN

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