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Nadia Somekh

Nadia Somekh. SÃO PAULO AND ITS CONTEMPORARY MATERIALIZATION: THE CASE OF BEXIGA. TENSION BETWEEN HIGH DENSITIES MARTER PLAN 2014 LISTED NEIGHBOURHOOD 2002. CULTURAL HERITAGE: PRESERVATION IN BEXIGA. WHICH INSTRUMENT FOR CONSERVATION AND PLANNING IN BEXIGA? WHAT KIND OF PARTICIPATION?

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Nadia Somekh

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  1. Nadia Somekh

  2. SÃO PAULO AND ITS CONTEMPORARY MATERIALIZATION: THE CASE OF BEXIGA • TENSION BETWEEN HIGH DENSITIES • MARTER PLAN 2014 • LISTED NEIGHBOURHOOD 2002

  3. CULTURAL HERITAGE: PRESERVATION IN BEXIGA. • WHICH INSTRUMENT FOR CONSERVATION AND PLANNING IN BEXIGA? • WHAT KIND OF PARTICIPATION? • GENTRIFICATION: HOW TO AVOID

  4. BEXIGA´S MATERIALIZATION MATERIALIZATION of the city is understood as the sum of processes which involve planning, regulation, project and the construction of the city and its resulting urban form – or forms. It is the concretization of the built urban space through norms, economic processes and the reproduction of cultural practices, in a given context. BARBOSA (2016) URBAN TRANSFORMATION (NADER, 2017) CADASTRE MAPS 1881 1930 1965 1972 1954

  5. BEXIGA´S MATERIALIZATION1881 Planta da Cidade de São Paulo levantada pela Cia. Cantareira e Esgotos. Fonte: Arquivo Histórico Municipal de São Paulo (2016). Rio Saracura, 1925/1929. Fonte: Coleção SAN/DIM/DPH/SMC/PMSP.

  6. BEXIGA´S MATERIALIZATION1930

  7. BEXIGA´S MATERIALIZATION1954

  8. BEXIGA´S MATERIALIZATION1972

  9. BOFORE HERITAGE LISTING PARQUE DA GROTA, IGEPAC AND NATIONAL COMPETITION FOR BEXIGA´S DEVELOPMENT PARQUE DA GROTA (1979) - PAULO MENDES DA ROCHA EMURB Paulo Mende´sproposal Parque da Grota. | Fonte: ARTIGAS, 2002 Perimeterof Paulo Mende´sproposal over existingurbantissue in 1972. | Fonte: Giannoto, 2014.

  10. BOFORE HERITAGE LISTING PARQUE DA GROTA, IGEPAC AND NATIONAL COMPETITION FOR BEXIGA´S DEVELOPMENT IGEPAC (1983 – 84) DPH General Inventoryof Cultural Heritage: Systematicworkofrecognition, documentation, protectionanddivulgation. The objectoftheinventary are theassetsconsideredmonuments as well as themodesoforganizationoftheurbanspace, its fases and its evolution. BEXIGA = UrbanCompoundtobepreserved Surveyofmostsignificantbuildings, buldingelements, urbanandgeomorphological componentes (stair cases, wallsandvegetation) HistoricSurvey + PhotographicSurvey IGEPAC Highlightsthepeculiarityandimportanceofthenieghborhood, butit´s na inventory, it doesnnotprotectsheritage

  11. BOFORE HERITAGE LISTING PARQUE DA GROTA, IGEPAC AND NATIONAL COMPETITION FOR BEXIGA´S DEVELOPMENT National competition for Bexigás Redevelopment (1989-1990) EMURB Participation SensibilizationregardingthevaluesofHeritage Request for listing- 1990 Perimeterofcompetition| Source: Giannoto, 2014. Winningproposal | Fonte: RevistaProjeto no138 Winer Winer: Redevelopmentproposalredesigningplotbyplot. | Source: RevistaProjeto no138

  12. AFTER LISTING, HOW IS THE HERITAGE TODAY? Alameda Joaquim Eugenio de Lima, 198 Rua dos Franceses, 115 Fonte: DPH. Fotografado por: Rosana Pierri, 1982. Fonte: DPH. Fotografado por: Normando Martinez, 1981. Fonte: NADER, 2017. Fonte: NADER, 2017.

  13. AFTER LISTING, HOW IS THE HERITAGE TODAY? Rua dos Franceses, 222 Rua São Vicente, 185 Fonte: NADER, 2017. Fonte: DPH. Fotografado por: RosanaPierri, 1982 . Fonte: NADER, 2017. Fonte: Dph. Fotografado por: Normando Martinez, 1981

  14. AFTER LISTING, HOW IS THE HERITAGE TODAY? Rua Treze de Maio, 411 Rua Santo Antonio, 1272 Fonte: DPH. Fotografado por: RosanaPierri, 1981 . Fonte: NADER, 2017. Fonte: Dph. Fotografado por: Autor desconhecido. THERE IS NOT A PATTERN OF CONSERVATION. (ONLY) LISTING DID NOT PRESERVE HERITAGE Fonte: NADER, 2017.

  15. FÁBRICA DE RESTAURO2016 In the case of São Paulo, how did the MasterPlan´s instruments could include the production of public spaces and the effective preservation of its Cultural Heritage?

  16. Houses from the end of the late 19th Century, early 20th Century Ecletic style – houses of one pavement, aligned with the limits of the plot, presenting basement, side entrance and decorative elements in plaster. Rua Conselheiro Carrão 536 a 542 Rua Conselheiro Carrão 576

  17. Housing of the first decades of the 20th Century Two story high houses, small set back and front Garden, aligned with the plot in both sides. Rua dos Franceses 50 Rua Almirante Marques de Leão 769

  18. Mixed use buildings first decades of the 20th Century Ecletic Style (or undefined style). Small scale Comercial or servisse uses, one story high and no set back. When of mixed use, first pavement is comercial and the second and third pavements are dedicated to housing, without setbacks. Rua Santo Amaro 43

  19. Housing – 1950´s Compound of houses at Grota (rua Dr. Seng). Example of modern architecture, implantation isolated in the plot (set backs in all sides of the plot). Rua Doutor Seng 207

  20. Housing – 1950s/1960s Simple lines – Buildings of 6 to 8 pavements, no set backs. Rua Dr Alfredo Ellis 262 Rua Condessa de São Joaquim 345 a 357

  21. Towers - after 1970s Modern buildings, located mainly around the main avenues. Building are usually higher than the surrounding urban tissue, presenting set back in all sides of the plot. AVENIDA NOVE DE JULHO, 543 À 575 Rua Maestro Cardim, 354

  22. Examples of listed buildings in need of conservation and restoration.

  23. COMPOUND AT RUA DA ABOLIÇÃO – NP3

  24. COMPOUND AT RUA FORTALEZA – NP3

  25. HOUSE AT AVENIDA BRIGADEIRO LUIZ ANTÔNIO, 1595 A 1599 – NP3

  26. Houseat Avenida Brigadeiro Luiz Antônio, 1308 e 1310 NP3

  27. HOUSE AT AVENIDA BRIGADEIRO LUIZ ANTÔNIO, 1234 – NP3

  28. HOUSE AT Avenida Brigadeiro Luiz Antônio, 1573 NP1

  29. WorkshopABRIL/2017

  30. WorkshopABRIL/2017 Bixiga: Verticalization, Heritage and Urbanity Bixiga is a traditional neighborhood located in the central area of Sao Paulo, which today is suffering from a pressure for redevelopment, boosted by the guidelines of Sao Paulo´s new Masterplan (PDE 2014). However, the neighborhood possesses socio-cultural dynamics of its own. Its historic occupation was linked to former slave settlement - “quilombo” - , followed by European migration and more recently northeast migrant communities.  One of the first working class neighborhoods developed in the outskirts of what was once the city - today called the old center - Bixiga concentrates also around 1/3 of the heritage listed buildings in the city, presenting a unique urban form, with building typologies from the late nineteen and early twentieth centuries that desperately needs rehabilitation. Last, but not least, the neighborhood concentrates an effervescent cultural scene, fed by different sorts of cultural stakeholders, from NGOs to theater companies and musical groups, being Teatro Oficina and Vai Vai Samba School the most famous ones. One of the densest districts of the city, Bixiga concentrates activities and presents a high level of street occupation from all these different groups, which many times lead to conflicts regarding the present and the future of the neighborhood. This design workshop departures from the conflicts and potentials of this very dynamic territory, with the aim to envision design scenarios for its future development, given the current urban policies, the heritage guidelines and the need for conservation and the several, many times conflicting, demands from all the existing stakeholders. This is an activity that follows the shared governance initiative called “Fabrica de Restauro”, promoted by Nadia Somekh as director of DPH (2013-2016). As an academic exercise, we propose to stretch the shared governance towards an exercise of envisioning the future of the neighborhood, as means to define an Urban Project for the area. Activities will take place from 03 to 10 of april 2017. Groups will be divided according to the existing urban structure of the neighborhood and the main urban references of the territory. The outcome should be presented either in two A1s posters, that will put up an exhibition in the neighborhood.

  31. WorkshopABRIL/2017 Reflections of Workshop BIXIGA RRR: • Vila Itororó as a space for debate; • Design as a mediating tool between civil Society and the future materialization • Preservation premises were not respected in the proposals • Lack of dialogue and Exchange between researchers, participants and the community • The best proposal (group 2) tried to dialogue with the existing Urban Tissue, however in general existing heritage was not respected or acknowledged by the participants.

  32. WORKSHOPFÁBRICA DE RESTAURO

  33. WORKSHOP- 15 / 04 / 2016 1 Capacitation/ formation: from the builder to the restorer 3 Participation and cooperativismo: Social movements and colectives 2 Resources from lei Rouanet to TDC and tax exemption

  34. Meetings ofworkinggroups - 17, 18 e 19 / 06 / 2016 3 1 2 2 Social demands and participation 1 e 2 HeritageandtheUniversity 4 Sensibilization towards heritage 3 Goodpracticeshandbook 1 Território de Interesse da Cultura e da Paisagem [Territory of interest for Culture and Landscape] 1 TDC - ColectiveBuildingrightstranfer 3 Technical Qualification 2 Incentives and exemptions

  35. WORKSHOP / PATRIMÔNIO EM DEBATE [HERITAGE IN DEBATE] 10 / 06 / 2016

  36. GROUP 2 Funding: from lei Rouanet to TDC and tax exemption GROUP 1 Capacitation/ formation: from the builder to the restorer GROUP 3 Participation and cooperativismo: Social movements and colectives ACTION 1 1.1 Capacitation Courses 1.2 Courses Pictoric Prospection ACTION 2 Management Courses ACTION 3 Schools of Architecture – Designing with Heritage ACTION 4 Universities: Memory and Heritage ACTION 1 1.1Pilot Demand 1.2 Conscientization campaign: Vila Maria Zelia ACTION 2 Collective calculation of restoration costs ACTION 3 Simplification of Building Rights´s transfer (TDC) ACTION 4 Exemption of IPTU (property rights) ACTION 5 Publicity Screen Decree ACTION 6 Handbook of Building rights´ Transfer ACTION 1 Regulating the instrument “Territorio da Cultura de da Paisagem” [Territory of interest for Culture and Landscape] ACTION 2 Creation of Heritage Forum ACTION 3 Bexiga plan of integrated action

  37. NEXT STEPS: • BIXIGA MUSEUM RESTORATION • DESIGN GROUP • TERRITORY READING PARTICIPATORY CARTOGRAPHY –MOSAICO • FUNDING RESEARCH GROUP • BUSINESS PLAN

  38. INOVATIONS

  39. How to manage?

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