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TECH GUIDE 2

TECH GUIDE 2. Computer Software. LEARNING OBJECTIVES. Describe the major software issues that organizations face today. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open-source software. Differentiate between the two major types of software. LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued).

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TECH GUIDE 2

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  1. TECH GUIDE 2 Computer Software

  2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • Describe the major software issues that organizations face today. • Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open-source software. • Differentiate between the two major types of software.

  3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued) • Describe the general functions of the operating system. • Describe the major types of application software. • Explain how software has evolved and consider trends for the future.

  4. What is Software? • Software – the programs that run on a computer (desktop, laptop, supercomputer, smart phone, etc). • Computer program – set of instructions that tell a computer what to do

  5. Software Issues • Software defects • Software evaluation and selection • Software licensing • Open source software

  6. Open Source Software Examples

  7. Types of Software

  8. Types of Software • System software – computer instructions that serve primarily as an intermediary between computer hardware and application programs; provides important self-regulatory functions for computer systems. • Application software – computer instructions that direct a computer system to perform specific processing activities and provide functionality for users (perform a need).

  9. Systems Software • Operating system – main system control program, which supervises the overall operations of the computer, allocates CPU time and main memory to programs, and provides an interface between the user and the hardware. Apple OS X Leopard

  10. Functions of the Operating System • Multitasking/multiprogramming • Multithreading • Multiprocessing • Virtual Memory • Graphical user interface (GUI) • Social interface

  11. System Support Programs • System support programs • System utilities • System performance monitors • System security monitors • In Windows, many are found throughPrograms > Accessories > System Tools

  12. Application Software • Proprietary application software • Contract software • Off-the-shelf application software • Software Package (Suite)

  13. Personal Application Software • Word Processor (Microsoft Word) • Spreadsheet (Microsoft Excel) • Presentation software (Microsoft PowerPoint) • Package: Microsoft Office

  14. Programming Languages • First-generation language • Machine Language • Second-generation language • Assembly language • Third-generation language • Procedural language • Fourth-generation language • Non-procedural language • Visual programming languages

  15. Object-Oriented Languages • Object-Oriented Languages– programming language that encapsulate a small amount of data with instructions about what to do with data. • Mimics every day life • Objects • Methods • Encapsulation • Reusability feature

  16. Hypertext Markup Language and Extensible Markup Language • Hypertext • Hyperlinks • Hypertext document • Hypertext markup language (HTML) • Extensible markup language (XML)

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