1 / 24

Genetics!

Genetics!. The study of heredity. Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to offspring Traits: Characteristics that are inherited Hair color, eye color, height…. Alleles: Different forms of a gene You have two alleles for every gene. Genetics Vocab.

edena
Download Presentation

Genetics!

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Genetics! The study of heredity

  2. Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to offspring • Traits: Characteristics that are inherited • Hair color, eye color, height…

  3. Alleles: Different forms of a gene • You have two alleles for every gene.

  4. Genetics Vocab • Homozygous: Two alleles are the same • Also known as purebreeds • Ex: AA or aa • Heterozygous: Two alleles are different • Also called hybrids or carriers • Ex: Aa

  5. Genetics Vocab • The presence of an allele does not mean it will be expressed • In a heterozygote (Aa), the dominant trait is seen and the recessive trait is hidden • The recessive trait can only be seen when an organism has 2 copies of the recessive allele (aa) • Dominant Allele: Capital letter • Recessive Allele: Lowercase letter

  6. What does it mean to be Dominant or Recessive?

  7. How many of you have 6 fingers on each hand? 6 fingers are dominant

  8. How many of you have a widow’s peak? Widow’s peak is dominant

  9. How many of you have attached ear lobes? Attached earlobes are recessive

  10. How many of you have the ability to roll your tongue? Rolling your tongue is dominant

  11. How many of you have a straight thumb? Straight thumb is recessive

  12. How many of you have blue eyes? Blue eyes are recessive

  13. How many of you have freckles? Having freckles are dominant

  14. How many of you have a cleft chin? Having a cleft chin is recessive

  15. How many of you have a second toe longer than your big toe? Having a longer second toe is dominant

  16. Which way do your thumbs cross each other when you are clasping your hands together? Left thumb on top is dominant

  17. How many of you have an immunity to poison ivy? Poison ivy immunity is dominant

  18. So…. • The dominant trait is not always more common than the recessive trait!

  19. Genetics Vocab • Phenotype: The way an organism looks physically • Genotype: The gene combination an organism has • Homozygous dominant: AA • Homozygous recessive: aa • Heterozygous: Aa • You can’t always tell an organism’s genotype by looking at its phenotype

  20. Try some practice!

  21. Gregor MendelThe father of genetics Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study the inheritance of traits

  22. Mendelian Vocabulary • Parental Generation (P1): The first two pea plants crossed • The offspring of the P1 generation are called the F1 generation • If we cross plants from the F1 generation we get the F2 generation and so on…

  23. Mendel’s Laws 1. Law of Dominance In a heterozygous individual, the dominant allele will be expressed and the recessive allele will be hidden 2. Law of Segregation: During meiosis, homologous pairs are separated and each gamete only receives one allele 3. Law of Independent Assortment During meiosis, homologous pairs separate RANDOMLY and INDEPENDENTLY of each other

More Related