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Why do you think people are so interested in learning about Earth’s atmosphere?

Daily Challenge, 11/1. Why do you think people are so interested in learning about Earth’s atmosphere? . Daily Challenge, 11/2. Think about air pressure and watch the demonstration today. Explain WHAT happens and WHY it happens.

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Why do you think people are so interested in learning about Earth’s atmosphere?

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  1. Daily Challenge, 11/1 Why do you think people are so interested in learning about Earth’s atmosphere?

  2. Daily Challenge, 11/2 Think about air pressure and watch the demonstration today. Explain WHAT happens and WHY it happens. Use sketches to help your explanation.

  3. Daily Challenge, 11/3 The class will work with a computer model about air pressure. Think about what you learn and how it explains the egg-in-a-bottle demonstration. How does your explanation in yesterday’s challenge compare to what really happens. Explain similarities/differences. Air Pressure Applet Egg Bottle Video

  4. Where did the earth’s atmosphere come from? • Probably originated from degassing of planet through volcanoes, perhaps some early comet impacts • Early composition: N2, CO2, H2O, SO2 • Primitive aquatic organisms breakdown CO2 and SO2 and produce O2 as a waste product (long time to build up) • Much of the early O2 was converted to O3 (which is ozone!) by solar radiation

  5. So what is the earth’s atmosphere made of today? • 78% N2 (nitrogen) • 21% O2 (oxygen) • 0.9% Ar (argon) • 0.03% CO2 (carbon dioxide) • 0-5% H2O (water vapor) • tiny amounts of other gasses • methane, CFC’s, N2O, S2O, other air pollutants • particles • dust, ash, sea salt, smoke, etc.

  6. How does air pressure change with altitude? • The further you get from earth’s surface, the lower the air pressure. • Gravity causes this. • The air at any altitude has the weight of all the overlying air pressing down on it. Air Pressure Applet egg bottle video

  7. Daily Challenge, 11/4 Think about the air pressure computer simulation we played with yesterday. Low pressure is usually associated with windy, cloudy, stormy weather. WHY do you think this is true?

  8. 29.4 inches Hg 29.8 inches Hg 29.6 inches Hg 30.1 inches Hg

  9. How does air temperature change with altitude? • As altitude increases, the temperature decreases for the first 12 km above the surface. • Surface of earth absorbs light, converts it to heat. Heat is “trapped” by greenhouse gasses like H2O, CO2, CH4. • From 12-50 km it gets warmer with increased altitude. • Ozone layer absorbs uv radiation, turns it to heat. • From 50-90 km it gets colder with increased altitude. • few things to absorb light and turn it into heat • Above 90 km it gets warmer with increased altitude. • Thin gasses are ionized by intense solar radiation.

  10. Earth’s Atmosphere Layers • EXOSPHERE • Upper part of thermosphere merges with empty space • THERMOSPHERE • “hottest” layer, ionosphere, space shuttle/station • MESOSPHERE • coldest layer, some ionosphere & meteorites at top • STRATOSPHERE • contains ozone layer • TROPOSPHERE • 90% of atmosphere is here, weather here

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