1 / 18

The Ferment of Reform and Culture AP – Ch 15

The Ferment of Reform and Culture AP – Ch 15. 2011. Reviving Religion. church attendance was a regular ritual Alexis de Tocqueville declared that there was “no country in the world where the Christian religion retains a greater influence over the souls of men than in America”.

edmondst
Download Presentation

The Ferment of Reform and Culture AP – Ch 15

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Ferment of Reform and CultureAP – Ch 15 2011

  2. Reviving Religion • church attendance was a regular ritual • Alexis de Tocqueville declared that there was “no country in the world where the Christian religion retains a greater influence over the souls of men than in America”

  3. Deism – Relied on reason rather than revelation • Deism helped inspire the Unitarian faith • Believed that God existed in only one person • Belief in free will • Possibility of salvation through good works • Appealed mostly to intellectuals

  4. Second Great Awakening • the most momentous episode in the history of American religion • Timothy Dwight • Early revivalist leader • Yale College • Frontier phase = camp meetings

  5. Creation of New Sects • Presbyterians • 1801 Plan of Union • Joined with Congregationalists in New England • Baptists • Simplicity of doctrine appealed to frontier people • Methodists • Developed the most effective evangelical method • “circuit rider” • Francis Asbury

  6. Peter Cartwright • Methodist circuit preacher • By 1840s the Methodists were the largest Protestant Church in the country • Camp Meetings sometimes involved thousands of people and several preachers

  7. Burned-Over District • Western New York – residence of many Puritan descendants – was so tired of preachers sermonizing “hellfire and damnation” that it came to be known as the “Burned-Over District” • Charles Goodson Finney • Greatest of the revival preachers • Devised the “anxious bench” • Denounced alcohol and slavery • Human perfectibility

  8. Mormons • Joseph Smith • 14 – had a vision form God • 17 – angel led him to the Book of Mormon • 4 years later translated the book into English • Founded church in 1830 • Anti-slavery beliefs put them in conflict with southern states

  9. Mormon Moses – Brigham Young • Moved the group to Utah where they established political and economic control

  10. Public Schooling • Not educating the poor created ignorant rabble with the power to vote • schoolteachers were mostly men worried more about “lickin” than “larnin” • focused on the 3r’s – “reading”, “ritin”, and “rithmetic” • Horace Mann • Pushed for education reforms

  11. Higher Education • demanded because of the religious zeal of the 2nd Great Awakening • wanted expanded curriculum • women’s higher education frowned upon • men believed that too much learning injured the female brain

  12. Age of Reform • Puritan view of the perfect society • Free from cruelty • war • intoxicating drink • discrimination • slavery • reform campaigns allowed women out of the house and working in the arena of public affairs

  13. debtors prison • 1830 – hundreds of penniless people were languishing in filthy holes • criminal codes – softening • # of capital offenses being reduced • whipping and branding

  14. insanity • people treated with incredible cruelty • Dorothea Dix – campaigned for the insane • 1828 – American Peace Society • Formed because people wanted peace • William Ladd

  15. Demon Rum • alcohol - curse on American society • weddings and funerals often became disgraceful brawls • decreased efficiency of labor and workers safety • threatened families • American Temperance Society – 1826 • Crusade led by women

  16. Women in Revolt • women were supposed to subordinate themselves to their husbands • industrial revolution gave women new freedom • able to avoid marriage • Women’s rights activist • Lucretia Mott • Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Susan B Anthony • Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell • First female graduate of a medical college

  17. Utopia • Idea to create societies of cooperation and for the common good • Robert Owen – 1825 – founded a communal society of about 1000 people at New Harmony, Indiana • Radical experiment of the Oneida Community in New York in 1848

More Related