**Understanding the Carbon Atom**: Learn the parts and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a carbon atom. Te

1. A stable carbon atom has the following parts:– 6 protons– 6 neutrons– 6 electronsDescribe the location of each of these parts in a carbon atom. 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 80 180 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Left:

2. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom, at the very center. Electrons are found in an electron cloud that surrounds the nucleus.

3. If there only about 100 types of elements in the world, why are there so many different kinds of matter? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Left:

4. Elements can combine in many different ways to form many different types of matter.

5. Describe the difference between a mixture and a compound. 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Left:

6. Compounds are chemically combined, mixtures are not.

7. Define: Solute Solvent Solution 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Left:

8. Solution – homogeneous mixture where a solute is dissolved in a solvent Solute – the matter that gets dissolved Solvent – the matter that does the dissolving

9. Propane has three atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen. What is propane's chemical formula? This screen will disappear in 3 minutes. 70 120 50 130 60 30 40 10 140 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 80 180 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining.

10. C3H8

11. Which kind of mixture is sometimes difficult to distinguish from a compound? Why? This screen will disappear in 3 minutes. 70 120 50 130 60 30 40 10 140 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 20 90 160 150 170 80 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining.

12. Homogeneous mixtures because the mixtures are the same throughout

13. Describe the three kinds of particles found in atoms. Where are they located & what are their charges? This screen will disappear in 3 minutes. 130 120 140 70 30 50 40 60 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 10 180 20 90 160 80 2 0 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining.

14. Protons – in the nucleus, positive charge • Neutrons – in the nucleus, no charge • Electrons – outside the nucleus, negative charge

15. An electrically neutral atom undergoes a change to become negatively charged. The atom's atomic mass decreases. A student explains that the atom most likely lost a neutron.– Describe one strength and one weakness of the student's explanation. 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Secondsleft:

16. One strength of the explanation is that an atom's mass consists mostly of the mass of its protons and neutrons. Electrons have very little mass. So, the atom must have lost either a proton or neutron.One weakness, however, is that neutrons have no charge. So, removing the neutron should not affect the atom's charge. It is more likely that a proton was removed.

17. Draw the Diagram –Identify the four parts of the atom that are pointed out by arrows in the diagram above. –Describe the electrical charges of the structures that are labeled 1, 2, and 3 in the diagram. 130 120 60 70 30 50 40 10 140 8 7 6 5 4 9 3 2 0 180 80 20 160 90 150 170 100 110 1 You have Seconds left.

18. Number 1 is the electron, 2 is the proton, 3 is the neutron, and 4 is the nucleus. The electron is negative. The proton is positive. The neutron is neutral.

19. Define these terms: Atom Isotope Ion 130 120 60 70 30 50 40 10 140 8 7 6 5 4 9 3 2 0 180 80 20 160 90 150 170 100 110 1 Time left: Seconds

20. ATOM – the smallest part of matter that has the properties of the matter ISOTOPE – different forms of the same atom; they have the same numbers of protons, but different numbers of neutrons ION – an atom that has lost or gained electrons

21. Define the terms: Element Mixture Compound Molecule 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

22. ELEMENT – matter made of only one type of atom; a pure substance MIXTURE – a combination of different types of matter in no fixed proportion; can be physically taken apart COMPOUND – a combination of different types of matter in specific proportions; must be chemically taken apart MOLECULE – the smallest part of a compound that has all the properties of that compound

23. Many chemical reactions occur around the home. – Describe one chemical reaction that occurs in a home and the products of the reaction. Seconds Remaining: 50 140 130 120 70 40 30 10 60 8 7 6 9 5 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1

24. A chemical reaction that occurs around the home is the burning of charcoal for barbecues. When charcoal burns, it reacts with oxygen to form ash, carbon dioxide, and heat. The cooking of food is another example.

25. Copper sulfate, when dissolved in water, has a blue color. When steel wool is mixed with a copper sulfate solution, the steel wool disappears, a brownish solid forms, and the color of the solution changes from blue to green.– Explain how three changes that occur in this experiment suggest a new substance may have been formed. Seconds Remaining: 50 140 130 120 70 40 30 10 60 8 7 6 9 5 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1

26. The disappearance of the steel wool suggests that a new substance is forming. As steel does not dissolve in water, it is likely that it was part of the reaction that formed a new substance. Another new substance, the brown solid, was observed forming. Because it is different in color from the other substances, it is also probably a new substance. The color change of the solution from blue to green implies that a chemical change has taken place.

27. List the four signs of a chemical reaction 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds left:

28. Formation of a gas • Formation of a precipitate (solid in a liquid) • Color change • Energy change

29. Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located in the periodic table? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

30. Metals - are on the left side • Nonmetals – are on the right side • Metalloids – are on a slanting line between the metals and nonmetals

31. Describe the difference between ionic and covalent bonding. 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

32. Ionic bonding is the gaining or losing of electrons in atoms to make happy atoms. Covalent bonding is the sharing of electrons between atoms to make happy atoms.

33. Which group of elements on the periodic table does not readily combine with other elements? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

34. Group 18 - the Noble Gasses

35. List the elements in this compound: H2SO4 How many atoms of each element are in the compound? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

36. H2SO4 Hydrogen – 2 atoms Sulfur – 1 atom Oxygen – 4 atoms

37. An atom consists of 7 neutrons, 7 electrons, and a number of protons. The atom has a charge of -1. What is its mass number? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Left:

38. The atom has a mass number of 13 • To find the mass number we have to know the # of protons & the # of neutrons. • We know there are 7 neutrons; ??? protons • An atom with a charge of -1 has gained an electron (added a – charge) • Atoms begin w/ = numbers of protons & electrons, so the atom began with 6 electrons & 6 protons. • 6 protons + 7 neutrons = • a mass # of 13

39. What are the biggest parts of an atom? Seconds Remaining: 50 140 130 120 70 40 30 10 60 8 7 6 9 5 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1

40. Protons & Neutrons

41. What happens to atoms during a chemical reaction? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 80 SECONDS REMAINING:

42. Chemical reactions occur when different atoms and molecules combine together and spit apart. Atoms are re-arranged in the way they are connected (or bonded); they are not created or destroyed.

43. Explain the difference between chemical and physical changes. 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 SECONDS REMAINING:

44. PHYSICAL REACTION– is a change that affects the size, shape or color of a substance but does not affect its composition – no new substance is formed Examples might by melting, boiling, cutting, etc. CHEMICAL REACTION – is a change caused by the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances, resulting in the formation of new substances, having entirely different properties.

45. State the Law of Conservation of Mass 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

46. Matter cannot be created or destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction.

47. What does a chemical equation tell us? 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

48. Chemical equations tell us how many atoms or molecules react with each other and how much of a substance is needed to react properly with another.

49. Describe endothermic and exothermic 60 140 130 120 40 50 30 10 70 8 7 6 5 9 4 3 2 0 180 80 20 90 160 150 170 100 110 1 Seconds Remaining:

50. Endothermic – absorbing energy Exothermic – releasing energy