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Advice for New Comers LASER Risk GeePs

Advice for New Comers LASER Risk GeePs. Extract from luc.martin@polytechnique.fr presentation. Summary. Lasers overview Beam - related risks Methods of protection The perfect laser operator's guide Good practice Other risks. Lasers overview.

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Advice for New Comers LASER Risk GeePs

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  1. Advice for New ComersLASER RiskGeePs Extractfromluc.martin@polytechnique.frpresentation

  2. Summary • Lasers overview • Beam-relatedrisks • Methods of protection • The perfect laser operator's guide • Good practice • Otherrisks Advice for New commers - GeePs

  3. Lasers overview Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation spontaneousemission: • independant power • random direction • no common phase relationship Stimulatedemission: • sameenergy • samedirecion • same phase Advice for New commers - GeePs

  4. Lasers overview Operationprinciple: • a gain medium • a pumpage source • a feedback loop Laser characteristics : • Wavelength • Emission mode (pulse, continuous) • Intensity (power, energy) • Divergence Advice for New commers - GeePs

  5. Lasers overview Wavelength (λ) • Nd:YAG : 1064nm (double : 532nm) • He-Ne for alignment : 632nm • Ti:Safemtoseconde : 800nm • CO2 : 10,6μm Advice for New commers - GeePs

  6. Lasers overview Continuous : • single-mode • multimode Pulsed : • relaxed (ms-μs) • Q-swittched (μs-ns) • Mode-locked (ns-fs) • duration (s) • frequency (Hz) Advice for New commers - GeePs

  7. Lasers overview Divergence : • Affects all laser beam • small angle • mrd : 1mm to 1m NOHD : Nominal OcularHazard Distance This is the distance from the source at which the intensity or the energy per surface unit becomes lower than the Maximum Permissible Exposure (M.P.E.) on the cornea and on the skin. The laser beam can thus be considered as dangerous if the operator is closer from the source than the N.O.H.D. Advice for New commers - GeePs

  8. Beam-relatedrisks Skin Risk Photochemicalinjury (UV) • erythema • skin allergy • skin tumour Thermal injury (visible and IR) • burn • possibility of cumulative effects Advice for New commers - GeePs

  9. Beam-relatedrisks Ocularrisk Advice for New commers - GeePs

  10. Beam-relatedrisks Laser safety classification Advice for New commers - GeePs

  11. Beam-relatedrisks Laser safety classification • quick determination of risklevel • identified by a warning panel • not sufficient to choose the good protection Etiquette explanatory laser class For each class : Maximum Accessible Emission LevelLimit (AEL), norme NF EN 60825-1 Advice for New commers - GeePs

  12. Methods of protection Collective protections: • beam orientation (horizontal plane, not ateyeslevel) • protective housing, filter or shutter • interlock, door contact, double-entrance securitydoor • minimal ambient lightning (to prevent the pupil from being wide opened) • take care to avoid reflections of the laser beam on reflective surfaces • light signal, restricted access • laser safety course, authorization Advice for New commers - GeePs

  13. Methods of protection Advice for New commers - GeePs

  14. Methods of protection 840-950+1070-1090 DIR L5 • Wavelengthbetween 840-950nm and 1070-1090nm • fromcontinuous to 1ns • attenuation of 105 Advice for New commers - GeePs

  15. Methods of protection Initial medicalexamination • visualacuity • funduscopicexamination, archive • ocular tension measurement • medicalability Annualmedical check-up • in case of ocularsymptom, • of injury • at the end of activity Advice for New commers - GeePs

  16. The perfect laser operator's guide While working on laser of higher class than class 1, it is mandatory to : Have the perfect control over the beam, from the source to the detector • Every fully or partially reflecting object must be tightly fixed • One must perfectly know his experiment and the exact trajectory of the beam. This knowledge allows one to find the accidental reflections and to stop them (using absorbing, non-reflecting shutters) • In order to stop the beam, one must minimize the diffused radiation consequent to, for example, the interception of a high power laser by some cardboard. It is much better to use an adapted tool, such as a beam dump or some diffusive foam inside an opaque tube. Advice for New commers - GeePs

  17. The perfect laser operator's guide Take all the available precautions : • Make the adjustments at low power • Never place one's eyes in the laser propagation axis • Always work without wearing any reflecting object like a watch, bracelet, ring... • Always work with some minimal ambient lightning, in order to prevent the pupil from being wide opened • And of course, always wear adapted safety goggles Advice for New commers - GeePs

  18. Good practice In case of injury : • Shut of the laser beam • Keep quiet • NEVER giveaspirin • Consult adoctor/medical service • Save the parameters of the laser Advice for New commers - GeePs

  19. Otherrisks Electricalrisk • High voltage(flash sources) • High current (diodes) • Burning, brulures, electric shock or even electrocution Fire • inflammable materials in the beam (paper, cardboard, PVC) • electricalheating (power supplies) • burning, smoke inhalation Advice for New commers - GeePs

  20. Otherrisks Chemicalrisks • solvents • Lasinggases, purge gas • anoxia, intoxication Variousrisks • non-coherent radiation(UV light) • ionising radiation • magneticsfields • irritations, irradiation, pacemakers... Advice for New commers - GeePs

  21. Otherrisks No laser hasard identifiedwithsafetygoggles!! Advice for New commers - GeePs

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