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Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae

Tsinghua Transient Workshop 8 Nov 2012. Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae. Elena Pian INAF-Trieste Astronomical Observatory , Italy & Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Italy. long. Bimodal distribution of GRB

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Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae

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  1. TsinghuaTransient Workshop 8 Nov2012 Gamma-Ray Bursts and Supernovae Elena Pian INAF-Trieste AstronomicalObservatory, Italy & Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Italy

  2. long Bimodal distribution of GRB durations short Different progenitors: SNe vs binary NS mergers Duration (s) Kulkarni 2000

  3. Optical fields of long GRBs z = 0.8 z = 0.7 z = 0.8 GRB990123 (z = 1.6) V ~ 23.5 GRB990510 (z = 1.6) V(host) = 28.5 ! GRB020405 (z = 0.7)

  4. Short GRB050509b (z = 0.22) Host galaxy Bloom et al. 2005

  5. Early Multiwavelength Counterparts (z = 0.937) (z = 6.29) (z = 1.6) Bloom et al. 2008

  6. Isotropic irradiated –ray energy vs redshift Long GRB Short GRB

  7. GRB980425 Supernova 1998bw (TypeIc) z = 0.0085 Galama et al. 1998

  8. GRB-Supernovae with ESO VLT+FORS GRB031203/SN2003lw z = 0.168 z = 0.105 Malesani et al. 2004 GRB-SNe have kinetic energies exceeding those of normal SNe by an order of magnitude (e52 erg) Hjorth et al. 2003

  9. X-ray Flashes

  10. Swift was triggered by XRF060218 on Feb 18.149, 2006 UT Campana et al. 2006 Prompt event afterglow UVOT SN z = 0.033 Shock breakout or jet cocoon interaction with CSM, Or central engine, or synchrotron + inverse Compton ?

  11. SN2006aj (z = 0.033) VLT-FORS and Lick 3m monitoring of SN2006aj Pian et al. 2006; Mazzali et al. 2006; Ferrero et al. 2006

  12. The modelling of the light curve and spectra of SN2006aj requires: And suggeststhat: Neutron Star?

  13. GRB vs XRF: is the centralremnant A blackhole or neutron star? ~ 100 ~ 10

  14. X-ray light curves of low-redshift GRBs Starling et al. 2011

  15. Shock breakout in SN2010bh (z = 0.059) Gemini-South, Faulkes telescope, HST Cano et al. 2011

  16. GRB120422A/SN2012bz (z = 0.283) 26 April 2012 Perley et al. 2012

  17. Light Curves of GRB and XRF Supernovae at z < 0.3 M(56Ni) ~ 0.4 M M(56Ni) ~ 0.35 M Melandri et al. 2012

  18. GRBs with supernovae GRB031203 GRB980425 GRB030329 GRB120422A GRB120422A

  19. Photospheric velocities of Type IcSNe Pian et al. 2006 Bufano et al. 2012

  20. Properties of SNeIbc as f(Mprog) SN 2012bz/ GRB120422A 2010ah SN 2012bz/ GRB120422A 2010ah 2010bh 2010bh A minimum mass and energy seem to be required for GRBs: Need more data and analysis to understand trend (Courtesy: P. Mazzali)

  21. light curves of the optical afterglow of the “normal” long GRB060614 (z = 0.125) Gal-Yam et al. 2006 Della Valle et al. 2006

  22. spectra of GRB060614 (z = 0.125): no SN features GMOS, 15 Jul 06 VLT, 29 Jul 06 Gal-Yam et al. 2006 Della Valle et al. 2006

  23. Long GRB060505 (z = 0.089): supernova search Fynbo et al. 2006

  24. Light curves of IcSNe: GRB-SNe, broad-lined SNe, normal SNe -14 Della Valle et al. 2006 Fynbo et al. 2006 Gal-Yam et al. 2006 GRB060614 GRB060505

  25. Comparison of temporalprofiles of long and short GRBs: soft tails GRB050709: short GRB (z = 0.16) GRB060614: “long” GRB (z = 0.125) HETE2/WXM HETE2/WXM HETE2/FREGATE HETE2/FREGATE Swift/BAT Dt < 20 ms Gehrels et al. 2006 Villasenor et al. 2005

  26. GRB060505: Swift/BAT and Suzaku/WAM time profiles Time delay between BAT and WAM is inconsistent with short GRB: Dt = 0.36 +- 0.05 seconds McBreen et al. 2008

  27. Summary and open problems All long GRBs and XRFs at z < 0.3 (with 2 exceptions) are associated with energetic spectroscopically identified Type Ic Sne. However, most broad-lined energetic IcSNe are not associated with GRBs. SNe associated with GRBs are more luminous than both XRF-Sne and broad-lined Ic Sne with no GRB Mechanisms: Collapsar: a BH forms after the core collapses, and rapid accretion on it feeds the GRB jet. Magnetar: the NS spin-down powers a relativistic jet Is the early high energy emission due to an engine (jet) or to shock breakout? Are energetic, GRB-less Ic Sne the Progenitors of misaligned GRBs?

  28. Simulated and analytical radio emission of GRBs 8.46 GHz Van Eerten, Zhang, MacFadyen 2010

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