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Scrapie Program Update Troy Bigelow, DVM U.S . Department of Agriculture

Veterinary Services. Scrapie Program Update Troy Bigelow, DVM U.S . Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Services National Institute for Animal Agriculture Annual Conference April 1, 2014. Program Summary.

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Scrapie Program Update Troy Bigelow, DVM U.S . Department of Agriculture

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  1. Veterinary Services Scrapie Program Update Troy Bigelow, DVM U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Veterinary Services National Institute for Animal Agriculture Annual Conference April 1, 2014

  2. Program Summary • As of the end of fiscal year (FY) 2013, the percent of cull sheep found positive at slaughter and adjusted for face color was 0.0146 percent. This measure of prevalence has decreased by 90 percent since slaughter surveillance started in FY 2003. • There was an increase in this measure in FY 2013; however, the change was not statistically meaningful due to sample size.

  3. Program Summary • In December, 2013, the National Scrapie Database was transferred into a new platform. We are currently formatting the reports for surveillance data. Therefore, we can only report certain surveillance data through FY 2013. • We anticipate the reports will be completed in April, 2014.

  4. Percent of RSSS Samples that TestedPositive for Classical ScrapieWeighted by Face ColorFiscal Years 2003 to 2013* * Adjusted to exclude multiple positive animals from the same flock. Does not include Nor98-like scrapie cases. The increase in FY 2013 is not statistically meaningful due to sample size.

  5. Percent of RSSS Samples that Tested Positive for Classical Scrapieby Face Color, Fiscal Year (2003 – 2013)* * Adjusted to exclude multiple positive animals from same flock. Mottled- and white-faced combined. Does not include Nor98-like scrapie cases.The slight increase in FY 2013 is not statistically meaningful due to sample size.

  6. RSSS Sample Collections FY 2013 WA AK ME MT ND MN OR VT MA NY NH WI SD RI ID MI WY CT IA PA NV NE NJ West OH IN IL UT DE HI CO VA CA WV MO KS MD KY NC AZ TN OK NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA East FL States with RSSS collection sites 177 collection sites in 39 states & sent to 12 laboratories

  7. Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter SurveillanceNumber of Samples Collected, FY 2013BY STATE OF COLLECTION

  8. Regulatory Scrapie Slaughter SurveillanceNumber of Samples Collected, FY 2013BY STATE OF TAG ORIGINATION

  9. Slaughter Surveillance Samples Collectedby Month, Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013 Month

  10. Surveillance Samples Collected at Slaughter FY 2003-2013 * Other Sheep: hair sheep, and those with gray, red, brown, or unknown face color.

  11. On-Farm Surveillance Testingby Month and SpeciesFY 2013

  12. Percent of Sheep Sampling Minimum Achieved in FY 2013 (RSSS and On-farm Surveillance) WA AK ME MT ND MN OR VT NH WI SD NY ID MA WY CT MI RI CA IA PA NV NJ NE OH IL IN UT DE HI CO MO MD WV KS VA KY NC AZ OK TN NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL

  13. Percent of Recommended Goat Sampling Minimum Achieved in FY 2013 (RSSS and On-farm Surveillance) WA AK ME MT ND MN OR VT NH WI SD NY ID MA WY CT MI RI CA IA PA NV NJ NE OH IL IN UT DE HI CO MO MD WV KS VA KY NC AZ OK TN NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL

  14. Infected and Source Flocks New Statuses by YearFiscal Years 1997 to 2014* * Through February 28, 2014.

  15. New Scrapie Infected and Source FlocksFY 2013 WA AK ME MT ND MN OR 1 VT NH WI SD MA NY ID MI WY RI CT IA 2 NV PA 1 NE NJ OH 2 IN IL 2 UT DE HI CO MO WV CA KS MD 1* VA KY NC AZ 1* TN OK 1 NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL New source flocks—8 New infected flock—3 * Goat herd

  16. New Scrapie Infected and Source Flocks FY 2014As of February 28, 2014 WA AK ME MT ND MN OR VT NH WI SD MA NY ID MI WY RI CT IA 3* NV PA NE NJ OH 1 IN IL UT DE HI CO MO WV CA KS VA KY MD NC AZ TN OK NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL New infected flocks—3 New source flocks—1 *1 flock has sheep and goats

  17. Scrapie Infected and Source Flocks: Open StatusesAs of February 28, 2014 WA AK ME MT ND MN OR 1 VT NH WI SD MA NY ID WY MI RI CT IA 5 NV PA NE NJ OH 1 IN IL 1 UT DE HI CO WV MO CA KS VA KY MD NC AZ OK TN NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL Open source flocks—4 Open infected flocks—4

  18. Scrapie Confirmed Cases in FY 2014 As of February 28, 2014 WA AK ME MT ND MN OR VT NY ID NH WI SD MA MI WY RI • 1 CT PA IA NV NE NJ OH IN IL UT DE • 7* HI CO 1/14 CA WV MO MD KS VA KY NC AZ OK TN NM AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL Reported by State of ID tag. Collected in FY 2014 and confirmed by March 10, 2014. Field cases include animals removed from infected/source flocks, so State totals often include several animals from the same flock. *All goats.

  19. Scrapie Cases in Goats FY 2002 – FY 2014 As of February 28, 2014 WA AK ME MT ND MN 1 OR VT NH WI SD MA NY ID MI WY RI CT IA PA NV 8 NE NJ OH IN IL UT DE 7* HI CO 5 MO WV 1 MD –2 CA KS VA 3 KY 13 NC OK TN NM AZ 1 AR SC AL MS GA TX LA FL * Most recent positive goat confirmed in February 2014.

  20. Revised SFCP The Complete Monitored category has been eliminated • Complete category participants who wish to stay in the program have 2 options • Join revised Select category • No inspections • Submit specified number of animals for scrapie testing • Join the Export category and grandfather in with up to 5 years time in status • Must submit all mature found dead animals • If the flock held “Certified” status in the previous program, APHIS will continue to publish its “Certified” status on our website, in addition to its “Export Monitored” status, for 3 years following the start of the revised program or until it achieves “Export Certified” status, whichever occurs first

  21. 1,153 Flocks As of 05/31/2013 0.4% 94.2% 5.4%

  22. SFCP Participating Flocksby Fiscal Year (FY 1997 to FY 2014*) * As of January 31, 2014. ** The Complete Monitored category (including Certified flocks) was discontinued 06/10/2013.

  23. Scrapie Flock Certification Program: Participating FlocksAs of January 31, 2014 AK 1 WA 15 ME 17 MT 5 ND 1 MN 6 OR 16 VT 15 NY 7 ID 10 WI 20 SD 6 MA-7 MI 9 WY 6 RI-2 CT-11 PA 44 IA 6 NH-5 NV 2 NE 5 NJ-11 OH 4 IN 30 IL 7 UT 4 DE-0 HI 18 WV 2 CO 1 VA 3 MO 3 CA 8 MD-2 KS 6 KY-15 NC-13 TN-11 AZ 1 OK 4 NM 3 SC 15 AR 1 AL 10 MS 12 GA 16 TX 0 LA 6 FL 16 • Total Enrolled Flocks—439 • Export Monitored—190 • Export Certified—15 • Selective Monitored—234

  24. FY 2014 DocketsProposed rule to revise 9 CFR Parts 54 and 79 • Goal is to publish in FY 2014 – pending OMB review • Major items • Gives the Administrator authority to relieve requirements for sheep and goats exposed to scrapie types, such as Nor98-like, that do not pose a significant risk of transmission • Increases flexibility in how investigations can be conducted and allows the epidemiology in a specific flock to be given more consideration in determining flock and animal status • Adds a genetic-based approach to the regulation • Makes goat ID requirements similar to sheep to facilitate slaughter surveillance in goats; no changes are planned in the consistent State requirements regarding identification of goats in intrastate commerce

  25. FY 2014 DocketsProposed rule to revise 9 CFR Parts 54 and 79 • Major items (continued) • Requires States to meet surveillance goals to remain consistent States • Tightens up the definition of slaughter channels • Expands individual ID requirement to all sexually intact animals unless moving as a group lot (allows mixed-source groups moving in slaughter channels under 18 months) • Limits use of tattoos and implants to animals not moving through concentration points for sale and not in slaughter channels • Establishes recordkeeping requirements similar to current UM&R compliance guidance

  26. FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats APHIS is drafting a proposed rule for the import of sheep and goats, their embryos, and products, to mitigate risks from scrapie and BSE, which will move the U.S. into closer alignment with OIE guidelines.

  27. FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats Current thinking—scrapie mitigations • Breeding animals—use OIE standards (i.e., free country or free flock); may allow genetically resistant sheep and genetically less susceptible rams until US reaches near 0 prevalence • Slaughter and feeding for slaughter—use requirements similar to OIE, including requiring an awareness, surveillance and control program, and post entry movement controls to ensure slaughter (similar to the current requirements for Canadian sheep/goats)

  28. FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats Current thinking—scrapie mitigations • Embryos—similar to OIE standards with additional donor testing requirements • Products – no scrapie restrictions

  29. FY 2014 DocketsImport Sheep and Goats Current thinking—BSE mitigations • Apply prohibitions on processed animal proteins such as meat-and-bone meal and greaves derived from ruminants (including that from sheep and goats) from countries that are undetermined or controlled risk for BSE, as provided in the BSE comprehensive rule • Apply same standards to tallow derived from sheep/goats as is applied to tallow derived from cattle • Relieve restrictions on other products

  30. NAHMS Sheep Studies • 3rd national sheep study – 1996, 2001, 2011 • NAHMS studies are developed with the purpose of providing comprehensive U.S. animal health information • related to disease prevention and control, animal welfare, production, product wholesomeness, environmental considerations, and economic consequences

  31. 22 States represent: 70% farms with 1+ ewes 85% ewe inventory

  32. NAHMS 2011 Sheep Study Summary • Four Descriptive Reports on US sheep industry • Part I: Sheep Management Practices • Part II: Marketing and Death Loss • Part III: Health and Management Practices • Part IV: Changes in Health and Production Practices 1996-2011 • Available at - http://www.aphis.usda.gov/nahms

  33. Questions?

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