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CSIS 4823 Data Communications Networking – Designing Networks

CSIS 4823 Data Communications Networking – Designing Networks. Mr. Mark Welton. Network Designs. Three-tiered Architecture Collapsed core – no distribution Collapsed core – no distribution or access. Three-tiered Architecture. Most common design when network covers multiple buildings

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CSIS 4823 Data Communications Networking – Designing Networks

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  1. CSIS 4823Data Communications Networking – Designing Networks Mr. Mark Welton

  2. Network Designs • Three-tiered Architecture • Collapsed core – no distribution • Collapsed core – no distribution or access

  3. Three-tiered Architecture • Most common design when network covers multiple buildings • Physical separation of the three levels usually occurs when there is a physical need to do so • Access devices are connected at the access-layer switches • These switches connect to the distribution-layer switches • Distribution-layer switches then connect to the core-layer • Internet and server farm (data center) typically connect to the core-layer

  4. Three-tiered Architecture

  5. Collapsed core – no distribution • Common in single building designs with multiple floors • Distribution-layer switches are removed and access layer goes directly in core • Distribution-layer maybe collapsed into the core-layer switches or removed completely

  6. Collapsed core – no distribution

  7. Collapsed core – no distribution or access • This design is most common in smaller implementations • Core switches act as all layers in the design • For this design Ethernet runs must remain within the distance limitations of the cable (100 Meters) • High-density chassis switches are used in this design

  8. Collapsed core – no distribution or access

  9. Configurations Concerns • Trunks – will be necessary anywhere switches are interconnected • EtherChannels or port aggregation – This allows multiple switch connections to increase bandwidth between switches • Spanning tree – end devices ports should not run spanning tree. Ports connecting other switches must run it and be configured correctly including setting a correct primary and secondary root bridge

  10. Configurations Concerns • VTP – allows for centralized control of VLAN in your network • VLAN – How many? Make sure they are planned out ahead of time • Internet • Internet inside • Server farm • User VLANS (include all user devices that need segmented i.e. VoIP) • OOB???

  11. Server Farm Design • Most web-based applications today use a three tier design • Internet Layer - Web servers are used by the end users to access the application • Application layer – used to access the database layer and provide separation between the database and users. Also contains logic and access control for application • Database layer – contains data needed by application

  12. Server Farm Design

  13. Server Farm Design • There are generally two accepted methods in the design • Bridging – the lower interfaces of the upper layer are connected to the same VLAN as the upper interfaces of the layer beneath them • Routing – routers are placed between the layers

  14. Bridged Three-Tier Design

  15. Bridged Three-Tier Design • The advantages of this design are simplicity and speed • Disadvantages are decreased security • This has changed with the advances in security devices (layer-2 firewalls)

  16. Routed Three-Tier Design

  17. Routed Three-Tier Design • The advantages of this design are increased security • Disadvantages increases complexity and adds processing (which means latency)

  18. Server Farm Design • Is there any other issue that may need addressed in the design????

  19. Server Farm Design

  20. Server Farm Design • Can not easily manage the server remotely

  21. Server Farm Design • Can not easily manage the server remotely

  22. Server Farm Design • Every interface will need an IP address. • In some server high-availability solutions, you’ll need a third IP address for each VLAN. For example, IP multipathing requires a virtual IP address on each VLAN in addition to one for each physical interface. • Every IP address you assign may need a DNS entry (including virtual IP addresses). • Which interface is primary? • Does the server need a default gateway? If so, where does it go? Can the server support multiple defaults? How will this work? Web servers need a default gateway that points to the Internet. This will require your management VLAN to have specific routes on the servers. • How many physical network cards do you need in a server to support six Ethernet interfaces? Make sure you have enough. Extra interfaces are even better. • Will the servers have both interfaces active in each VLAN, or just one? Some server high-availability solutions require the switches to be configured a certain way, while others require different configurations. Work this out in a lab before you build your network. • Will your servers support remote Ethernet consoles? Will you need a dedicated network for this traffic?

  23. Server Farm Design

  24. Modern Virtual Server Environments • With Virtual environment your access-layer switches are also virtualized • This will make the server network requirements more like a access-layer switch uplink • Multiple 10 Gb ports are common

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