How can social protection tackle poverty and vulnerability in Tanzania?

1. How can social protection tackle poverty and vulnerability in Tanzania? Chair; Jeanne Ndyetabura, Members; Mussa Mgata, Phenny Kakama, Smart Daniel, Jane Calder, Neema Jamu, Iddi Ramadhan, Dr Tausi Kida,

2. Our main message • Social protection – a human right that is both an investment in human capital but also has a positive developmental impact both in the short and the long-term – it makes economic sense for the country!

3. Our selling points • The piloting has been done both in Tanzania and elsewhere – no need to repeat! • We have the evidence and it works! • SP schemes increases productivity and create assets for long-term growth • They help the poor avoid negative coping strategies during shocks • Help break the intergenerational transmission of poverty • Injection of funds directly into the community, stimulates economy

4. Drivers of poverty and vulnerability • Shocks • Chronic illness • Death of parents / carers • Disability • Climate change • Age

5. Analysis of poverty and vulnerability in Tanzania • From Household Budget Survey, 34% of Tanzanians – below basic needs poverty line • 17% below food poverty line • Poverty higher in rural areas where the majority of population are residing • According to Household budget survey (2007) it is indicated that all interventions (from HBS 2002 -2007) have had very limited impact i.e. reduction of impact poverty by 2% • Rapid Assessment, Analysis and Action Planning for OVC, 2004 indicates that 65% of all MVCs are either in the older people or child headed households

6. Linking with national strategic programs • MKUKUTA II • Vision 2025 • National Costed Plan of Action for MVC • National Social Protection framework • National Aging policy • Health Sector Strategic Plan III

7. Who are we aiming to protect? Households with • Older people 60+ • most vulnerable children including those under 5 • People with disabilities and / or chronic illness

8. The instruments • Universal pension for elderly • Universal child grant – under 5 years • Grant for households with most vulnerable children • Disability grant

9. For older people and their families • will be less susceptible to severe shocks and destitution • reduces the burden of care for children and improves the quality of that care • Prolongs their lifespan and ability to care for younger members • Increases access to basic services for all members e.g. health and education re children • Reduces isolation and marginalization • Increases the ability to take risk

10. For families with most vulnerable children • For most vulnerable children, we are increasing the potential for productive and fully engaged citizens of the future • Enabling children to access education • Enabling families to access health care at times of ill-health • Increasing access to food and nutrition • Reduces stress on the family • Increases cohesion within the family • Increased potential for protection and reduction of risk for children e.g. avoiding hazardous work, transactional sex

11. The benefits – children under 5 • Children will be smarter and more productive in the future • If we support children under 5, we increase their cognitive ability and prepare them to be productive adults • Investment impacts on their future growth and development

12. For people with disability and chronic illness • Enabling them to increase capacity to become productive members of society • Offers dignity and independence • Can relieve the burden of care and enable able bodied family members to engage in economic work • Reduces stigma • Can assist family members with funds for transport to access other services • Can enable family to purchase disability aids

13. The musts …… • Clear and simple criteria • Effective mechanisms for identification • Must be scaleable • Linkage with other development programs needs to be made • Must not be a stand alone program • Must have strong M & E component from the start