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Chapter 10- Policy Implementation

Chapter 10- Policy Implementation. Dr. Dan Bertrand LEEA 554. Defining Policy Implementation. When an adopted policy is put into practice. Formal implementers- government officials who have legal authority to put ne policies into effect- Superintendent

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Chapter 10- Policy Implementation

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  1. Chapter 10- Policy Implementation Dr. Dan Bertrand LEEA 554

  2. Defining Policy Implementation • When an adopted policy is put into practice. • Formal implementers- government officials who have legal authority to put ne policies into effect- Superintendent • Intermediary implementers- those to whom authority is delivered. • Success depends on will • Success depends on capacity

  3. Activity • p. 272-278 • You will be asked to add to the next three slides.

  4. Research on Implementation • 1st generation focused on why implementation was difficult. • Implementers: • Don’t understand expectations • Lack the knowledge and skills necessary • Given insufficient resources • Frustration sets in and motivation subsides

  5. 2nd Generation Research • Success Failure Analysis • Supported the 1st generation research on the difficulty of implementation. • Supports the idea that successful implementation can occur. • Identified the commonalities between strong and week implementation. • Results explained in the next section.

  6. 3rd Generation Research • Major change in practice • Strong social support • Opportunities to collaborate with other professionals • Opportunities to observe successful implementation • Assistance from facilitators and mentors • Access to support network

  7. Implementing a New Policy • Mobilization • Adopting a new policy • Determine if: • There are good reasons for adoption • The new policy is good for the school or district • There is sufficient support from key stakeholders • Plan for implementation • Determine who should participate • Determine all the major prerequisites (forward mapping) • Gather resources for implementation • Money, time, personnel, space

  8. Implementation • Stages of Implementation • Early-Don’t midgetize/pressure to continue • Late- Refine and debug • Themes of Success • Continuous monitoring and feedback • Ongoing assistance • Cope with problems

  9. Institutionalization • Policy is in the Board Policy manual • Changes negotiated into teacher contract • Teacher/Administration evaluation procedures are consistent with policy • Student evaluation procedures are consistent with policy • Training is included in orientation and induction program • Costs are included in the budget.

  10. Implementation of Unpopular Policies • Why are they unpopular? • Counter to implementers self-interest • Conflict with basic professional values • Professional Resistance • Express disapproval in writing and verbally • Exit the profession, district or school • Disloyalty in token or delayed compliance

  11. Continued- ImplementingUnpopular Policies • Coping with Resistance • Persuasion • Policy modifications • Personnel adjustments • Choosing to Resist a Policy- questions to consider • Is the objectionable policy just symbolic? • What is the motivation to resist? • Is the policy likely to change through resistance? • What will be the professional cost of resistance?

  12. Activity • Read the attached timeline for a major policy change. • Identify the stages of policy setting. • Setting the stage • Agenda setting • Policy formation • Policy implementation • Policy evaluation • Discuss what you might do differently.

  13. Activity • Case study- page 306 • News Story for Analysis- page 307

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