250 likes | 561 Views
Rhetoric. Plato: Rhetoric is "the art of winning the soul by discourse.". Rhetoric. Aristotle: Rhetoric is "the faculty of discovering in any particular case all of the available means of persuasion. Rhetoric.
E N D
Rhetoric Plato: Rhetoric is "the art of winning the soul by discourse."
Rhetoric Aristotle:Rhetoric is "the faculty of discovering in any particular case all of the available means of persuasion.
Rhetoric Francis Bacon: Rhetoric is the application of reason to imagination "for the better moving of the will."
Rhetoric The study or art of using language persuasively and effectively.
Applying Rhetoric • A child asks his parents why he has to go to bed.
Aristotle • Logos: Because you’re growing. You need your rest. You had a long day today. You want to be ready for Disneyland tomorrow.
Aristotle • Pathos: Because the boogey man and the monster that lives in your closet will get you and because Santa won’t bring you any toys.
Aristotle • Ethos: Because, as you know, I love you and want the best for you, and I said so.
Aristotle • Ethos: The writer’s/speaker’s character or image • Logos: Logical Arguments • Pathos: The emotions of the audience
Appeals present in arguments: Follow along on your handouts
Ethos • so let’s pretind that I am givin this presentation on rhetoric to y’all and my slide luks like this…do you beleive me! Why should you right? LOL—haha. • R U taking me serioulsy yet? • As a teecher, do you beleive what i am saying?
support a cause promote a change refute a theory stimulate interest win agreement arouse sympathy provoke anger. Writer must keep Purpose in mind:
Writer must keep AUDIENCE in mind: • Who exactly is the audience? • What do they know? • What do they believe? • What do they expect? • How will my audience disagree with me?
Writer must keep AUDIENCE in mind: • What will they want me to address or answer? • How can I—or should I—use jargon? • Should I use language that is formal, factual, and objective; or familiar, anecdotal, and personal?
Ways to persuade: Rhetorical Tropes and Schemes
Antithesis Aphorism Apostrophe Chiasmus Cliche’ Hyperbole Irony Metaphor Metonym Onomatopoeia Paradox Parallelism Paralipsis Personification Rhetorical Question Synaesthesia Synecdoche Ways to persuade
Allusion Anaphora Polysyndeton Asyndeton Epistrophe Repetition Alliteration Consonance Ways to persuade
Logical fallacies ad hominem fallacy: Attacking a person’s character
Logical fallacies ad populum fallacy: “to the crowd,” a misconception that a widespread occurrence of something is assumed
Logical fallacies circular reasoning: trying to prove one idea with another idea that is too similar to the first idea; such logical ways moves backwards in its attempt to move forward
Logical fallacies either/or reasoning: the tendency to see an issue as having only two sides
Logical fallacies hasty generalization: drawing a general and premature conclusion on the basis of only one or two cases
Logical fallacies non sequitur: “it does not follow,” an inference or conclusion that does not follow from established