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Total Knee Replacement

Total Knee Replacement. Matt Barbin. About the knee. Made up of: the femur (lower end of the thigh bone) the tibia (upper end of the shin bone) the kneecap (patella) The ends of these three bones are covered with articular cartilage

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Total Knee Replacement

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  1. Total Knee Replacement Matt Barbin

  2. About the knee • Made up of: • the femur (lower end of the thigh bone) • the tibia (upper end of the shin bone) • the kneecap (patella) • The ends of these three bones are covered with articular cartilage • Arthritis isthe most common cause of chronic knee pain and disability • 96% of total knee replacement recipients are diagnosed with arthritis • Most recipients are above the age of 40

  3. What total knee replacement actually does • Uses specially designed components made of high strength, biocompatible metals and plastics toreplace the cartilage in the knee • Only worn out cartilage surfaces of the joint are replaced • The entire knee is not actually replaced

  4. How total knee replacement is performed: Femur component • Damaged cartilage surfaces at the ends of the femur and tibia along with a small amount of underlying bone are removed • A metal femoral component curves around the end of the femur • Grooved so the kneecap can move up and down smoothly against the bone as the knee bends and straightens *The metal components are mainly made of titanium or cobalt-chromium based alloys

  5. How total knee replacement is performed: Tibia component • Flat metal platform with a cushion of strong, durable plastic, called polyethylene • Some designs do not have the metal portion and attach the polyethylene directly to the bone • For additional stability, the metal portion of the component may have a stem that inserts into the center of the tibia bone *The metal components are mainly made of titanium or cobalt-chromium based alloys

  6. How total knee replacement is performed: Patella component • A patellar component made of a dome-shaped piece of polyethylene will duplicate the shape of the kneecap.

  7. Risks/Disadvantages • Deep vein thrombosis • Fractures • Instability • Loss of motion • Infection • Cost: An American with no health insurance typically pays $45,000 – $70,000

  8. Results • 9 out of 10 patients said they experienced dramatic pain relief • 90% of knee replacements last 10 years • 80% last 20 years

  9. Works Cited • http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00389 • http://www.kneereplacement.com/DePuy/About/about_surgery/before_during/index.html • http://bonesmart.org/knee/knee-replacement-implant-materials/ • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacement • http://www.healthline.com/health/total-knee-replacement-surgery/statistics-infographic

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