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Automated Models for Building’s Re trofit

Automated Models for Building’s Re trofit A . Kaklauskas A . Gulbinas J . Naimaviciene L . Kanapeckiene Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania. Decision making models and methods.

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Automated Models for Building’s Re trofit

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  1. Automated Models for Building’s Retrofit A. Kaklauskas A. Gulbinas J. NaimavicieneL. Kanapeckiene Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Sauletekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  2. Decision making models and methods A thorough building refurbishment evaluation is quite difficult to undertake, because a building and its environment are complex system (technical, technological, ecological, social, comfort, esthetical, etc.), where all sub-systems influences to the total efficiency performance, and where the interdependence between sub-systems are playing a significance role. Many decision making models and methods (cost-benefit analysis, multiple criteria analysis, the lattice method for optimisation, predicted building habitability index, an energy rating systems for existing houses, multiple criteria analysis, etc.) have been developed in the world for solving above and other problems. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  3. Refurbishment decisions influenced on many: • microlevel factors: deterioration and obsolescence of building, indoor environmental quality, technological, technical, the lower fuel bills for householders, health benefits (reduced cold and damp related illness); • macrolevel factors: environmental (a less polluted environment, the saving of limited nature resources), social (increasing social equity, improving human health) and economic (increasing employment, the creation of wealth) benefits. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  4. Air pollution and noise area (sections A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D, E-E) Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  5. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  6. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  7. Main Tasks • Development and Implementation of a Building’s Refurbishment Knowledge and Device Based Decision Support System (BRKD-DSS) which makes it easy to compare various retrofitting measures and scenarios according to different systems of criteria. • Assist designers and evaluation teams to calculate the integral efficiency of the whole building. • Improve the life cycle cost and quality of building. • Develop BRKD-DSS that is immediately replicable at large scale in many locations. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  8. The BRKD-DSS tasks aims to optimize the building retrofit process by analyzing the sectional and overall performance of a building considering all the major subsystems and in particular: - The outdoor environment defining the microclimate - The building envelope - The indoor environment - The HVAC system as well as the lighting - The facilities management system Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  9. Building’s Refurbishment Knowledge and Device Based Decision Support System Based on the analysis of the existing neural networks, information, expert and decision support systems and in order to determine most efficient versions of building refurbishment a Building’s Refurbishment Knowledge and Device Based Decision Support System(BRKD-DSS) was developed. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  10. Building’s Refurbishment Knowledge and Device Based Decision Support System • Decision Support Subsystem • Knowledge Subsystem • Devices Subsystem Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  11. Decision Support Subsystem Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  12. Database The presentation of information needed for decision-making in the BRKD-DSS may be in a conceptual form (i.e. digital/numerical, textual, graphical, diagrams, graphs and drawing, etc), photographic, sound, video and quantitative forms. In this way, the BRKD-DSS enables the decision-maker to receive various conceptual and quantitative information on building refurbishmentfrom a database and a model-base allowing him/her to analyse the above factors and to form an efficient solution. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  13. The following tables form the BRKD-DSS’s database: • Initial data tables. These contain general facts about the building considered and the information of its deterioration and obsolescence. The reasons for refurbishing and their significance as well as the money to be spent on it are also included. • Tables assessing refurbishment solutions (data base of best practice). These contain quantitative and conceptual information about alternative building refurbishment solutions relating to a building’s enclosures, utilities and space planning, etc. • Tables of multi-variant design. These provide quantitative and conceptual information on the interconnection of the elements to be renovated, their compatibility and the possible combinations as well as data on the complex multi-variant design of a building refurbishment. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  14. Database of Best Practice • Walls, • Windows, • Roof, • Thermal Units, • Etc. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  15. Walls - Database of Best Practice Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  16. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  17. Windows - Database of Best Practice Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  18. Thermal unit - Database of Best Practice Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  19. Model-Base The efficiency of a building refurbishment variant is often determined by taking into many factors. These factors include an account of the economic, aesthetic, technical, comfort, legal, social and other factors. The model-base of a decision support system should include models that enable a decision-maker to do a comprehensive analysis of the available variants and to make a proper choice. Module base provides the supports the user to develop different alternatives, based on combinations of requirements of the user. The developed measures are checked for consistency of measures combinations as well as for interference with deterioration, obsolescence and other related actions. Each alternative shows different levels of improvements to the building quality and all have variations in the projected cost. Module base allows the BRKD-DSS system user to select the most suitable refurbishment alternatives comparing which measures promote the greatest energy savings, increase building quality within the budget constraints of the building inhabitants. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  20. The following models form the BRKD-DSS’s model base: • Search for alternatives (walls, windows, heating systems, roof, FM, etc.). • Finding out or developing alternatives and making initial negotiation table. • Multiple criteria analysis of alternatives. • Development of suggestions as to what interested parties to use and for what reasons further negotiation should be carried out. • Negotiations based on real calculations. • Determination of the most rational variant (walls, windows, FM, roof, etc.). • Provision of recommendations for future actions to interested parties. • Computer-aided formation of versions of whole building refurbishment. • Multiple criteria analysis of alternatives. • Negotiations based on real calculations. • Selection of the most efficient alternatives of the whole building refurbishment. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  21. Model-Base The more alternative versions that are investigated before making a final decision, the greater the possibility to achieve a more rational end result. Basing oneself on the collected information and the BRKD-DSS system it is possible to perform a multiple criteria analysis of the refurbishment project’s components (walls, windows, roof, floors, volumetric planning and engineering services, etc.) and select the most efficient versions. After this, the received compatible and rational components of a refurbishment are joined into the projects. Having performed a multiple criteria analysis of the projects in this way, one can select the most efficient projects. Strengths and weaknesses of the investigated projects are also given in an analysis. Facts as to why and to what degree one version is better than another are also established. All this is done by basing oneself on conceptual and quantitative information that was collected. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  22. Search results for specific heating system can be submitted in textual, photo/video, graphical, etc. information Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  23. Results of multiple criteria evaluation of the heating system’s alternatives Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  24. Calculation of the market value in numerical and graphic form Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  25. Alternatives whose estimated market value is lower than the price offered by the supplier may be transformed into objects of negotiations. This is done by marking the boxes . Selection of alternatives for automated negotiations Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  26. If the user decides that he is satisfied with the list of negotiation partners, he can press the Send button. The system sends negotiation partners messages containing the results of multiple criteria analysis and proposals to lower the sale price. Initiating the Negotiation Process Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  27. The negotiating proposal is developed as special Web-based decision support matrix and also sent to the supplier both as an e-mail message and as a message transferred to the personal Proposal Box on the system database Initiating the Negotiation Process Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  28. During the negotiation process all negotiating parties are automatically networked with one another and can exchange offers and counteroffers via the Internet. Also private and confidential data is kept safe and secure. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  29. Negotiation - Business Benefits • Development and evaluation of unlimited number solutions. • Common data and knowledge bases of best practices. • Negotiators can use intelligent sub-systems for resolve disputes, agree upon courses of action, bargain for individual or collective advantage, and attempt to craft outcomes which serve their mutual interests. • Negotiations can be performed in different places and time. • Reduction in meeting time as compared with equivalent conventional meetings. • More open and fuller alternatives analysis based on the use of anonymous input where appropriate. • e-Support for different optimization criteria. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  30. Example - The initial data for multiple criteria analysis of thermal renovation of walls Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  31. Example - The multiple criteria analysis of wall versions Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  32. Example - Three best versions of solutions under consideration Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  33. Computer-aided formation of versions of building refurbishment Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  34. Fragment of formation of complex building refurbishment versions Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  35. Example - Selection of the most efficient alternatives of the building refurbishment Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  36. Knowledge Subsystem Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  37. There are four main categories of rules and procedures in the BR-KDDSS Knowledge subsystem (BR-KS): • Formation of alternatives for the elements of a renovated building. • Formation of the criteria describing the generated alternatives. • Development of suggestions with what suppliers to use and for what reasons further negotiation should be carried out. • Composition of comprehensively reasoned negotiation e-mail for each of the selected suppliers. By using information inherited from previous BR-DSS calculations and predefined rules and procedures, the knowledge subsystem composes a negotiation e-mail for each of the selected suppliers, where it reasonably suggests that the price of a product should be decreased or a product of better quality should be sold for the offered price. The e-mail includes references to the calculations performed by BR-KDDSS. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  38. Devices Subsystem Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  39. Devices in the Device Subsystem measure internal microclimate parameters (illumination, volume flow, air velocity, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point temperature, vibration impulse amplitudes) and house allergens, e.g. house dust mites, dermatophagoides pteronysinus allergen, etc. The data is passed on to the Decision Support and the Knowledge subsystems. Let us analyze the internal volume flow and relative humidity as an example. Insufficient speed of the internal volume flow determines the lack of oxygen. As a result, internal hygiene conditions are worse, flowers wither and people feel unwell and their productivity decreases. Dry air in premises causes nasal mucous to dry and creates discomfort, thus productivity and good moods decrease. The discomfort may be removed by pipetting oil into the nose. Quite a few people encounter this problem. Other microclimate parameters may be described in a similar way. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  40. Practical application of System to the VGTU main university building Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  41. At the moment the windows in VGTU are replaced. Total cost of windows replacement is 106501€. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  42. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  43. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  44. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  45. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  46. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  47. Alternative windows of 5 companies according to 16 indicators were analyzed: • Price • Mechanical strength and stiffness • Reliability • Thermal transmittance Upof profile • Thermal transmittance Uwof double glazing unit • Emission ability of low emissive glass coating  • Parameter Rw of air sound isolation • Air leakage, when pressure difference Dp = 50 Pa • Waterproof-ness • Guarantee period • Longevity • Light transmission of double glazing unit • Pay-back period • Duration of works • Quantity of windows with two opening positions (horizontal and vertical) (in percent of the area of all windows) • Quantity of windows with closing infiltration air vent or the third opening position (in percent of the area of all windows Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  48. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  49. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

  50. Common Symposium of EU FP6 Eco-buildings Projects, Berlin, 22/23 November 2005 <Name of Presentation>

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