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Imaging Techniques for Flow and Motion Measurement Engr 699, Section 81 Instructor: Lichuan Gui

Imaging Techniques for Flow and Motion Measurement Engr 699, Section 81 Instructor: Lichuan Gui Spring Semester 2011 Tuesdays and Wednesdays 2:00-3:15pm NCPA class room #1128 Class material available at http://lcgui.net/index_files/Page946.html EDPIV software available at http://edpiv.com.

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Imaging Techniques for Flow and Motion Measurement Engr 699, Section 81 Instructor: Lichuan Gui

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  1. Imaging Techniques for Flow and Motion MeasurementEngr 699, Section 81 Instructor: Lichuan Gui Spring Semester 2011Tuesdays and Wednesdays 2:00-3:15pm NCPA class room #1128 Class material available at http://lcgui.net/index_files/Page946.html EDPIV software available at http://edpiv.com

  2. Imaging Techniques for Flow and Motion Measurement Lecture 1 Fluid Flow Measurement Methods Overview LichuanGuiUniversity of Mississippi2011

  3. Discussion • Why do fluid flows need to be measured?

  4. Discussion • What variables need to be measured? • Velocity • Pressure • Temperature • Density • ?

  5. Discussion • Non-imaging measurement techniques: • Velocity: • U-tubemanometer • Pitot probe • Hot wire/film anemometer (HW/ HF) • Laser Doppler velocimetry/anemometry (LDV /LDA) • Sonic anemometer • Pressure: pressure sensors • Temperature: temperature sensors • Density: reduced from P, T etc.

  6. Non-imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement using U-tube manometer - Calibration required to determine coefficient “c”

  7. 2-hole pitot probe (1D) 3-hole pitot probe (2D) 5-hole pitot probe (3D) Non-imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement using pitot probes

  8. Non-imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement using HW & HF Hot film Hot wire Hot film

  9. Non-imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement using HW & HF Energy balance Electric resistance Heat convection coefficient Flow velocity - Different systems: CCA, CVA, CTA - Calibration required 9

  10. Non-imaging Techniques • Laser Doppler Velocimetry/Anemometry

  11. Non-imaging Techniques • Summary of the velocimetries • Pitot proble, HW & HF • Point-by-point measurement • Intrusive • Calibration required • LDV (LDA) • Point-by-point measurement • Non-intrudsive • No calibration

  12. Imaging Techniques • Three groups of flow visualization methods • Foreign material added to the fluid flow • Optical methods sensitive to refraction index changes • Foreign energy (e.g. heat or electric discharge) added to the fluid flow

  13. Imaging Techniques • Visualization of flow direction • Example: Dye lines in water flow Vortex flow behind a yawed cylinder visualized with mixture of ink, milk and alcohole

  14. Imaging Techniques • Visualization of flow direction • Example: Smoke lines in air flow Smoke lines around an airfoil model in a wind-tunnel

  15. Imaging Techniques • Visualization of flow direction • Example: Tuft Screen Trailing vortices behind an inclined delta-wing as visualized by a tuft screen

  16. Imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement with tracers • Example: Hydrogen-bubble technique Consecutive rows of hydrogen bubbles indicating Velocity profiles a flat plat boundary layer

  17. Imaging Techniques • Velocity measurement with tracers • Example: Small particles Stroboscopic illumination of oil drop in laminar pipe flow

  18. Imaging Techniques • Optical methods for compressed flows • Shadowgraph Shadowgraph of a sphere flying at M=1.7

  19. Imaging Techniques • Optical methods for compressed flows • Schlieren Method Schlieren photograph around a sphere flying at hypersonic speed

  20. Imaging Techniques • Other methods • X-ray & Echo PIV • Molecular Tagging Velocimetry (Seedless velocimetry) • Laser Speckle Photography • Temperature measurement with particle Brownian motion • More • Summary • Full-field measurement (2D & 3D) • Non-intrusive

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