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Methodology & Open Science

Methodology & Open Science. Craft of Research: Week 4. Objectives. Methodology Objectives How to write the Method Section Introduction to Open Science. Methodology Objectives. 1. Describe how data were obtained (Who, What, Where) 2. Explain how concepts and variables were measured

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Methodology & Open Science

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  1. Methodology & Open Science Craft of Research: Week 4

  2. Objectives • Methodology Objectives • How to write the Method Section • Introduction to Open Science

  3. Methodology Objectives 1. Describe how data were obtained (Who, What, Where) 2. Explain how concepts and variables were measured 3. Inform on the techniques utilized to gain the results so that other researchers can replicate

  4. Method Centered & Bold Subheadings left aligned • Not New Page • Subheadings: • Participants: Describe participants in your study, including N, who they were (type of participant, demographic features), selection & compensation • Measures and Materials: Describe materials, measures, equipment, or stimuli used in the study. For observational studies – include operationalizationsand observational rating forms. How were variables defined and measured? • Procedure:Explain procedures used in your study. Explain what you did or had participants do, how you collected data, and the order in which steps occurred. • Includes enough detail to allow another researcher to replicate your study

  5. Participants/Subjects • Introducing the subjects/participants describes the subjects or participants in your study (animate or inanimate). • For a study involving humans, this answers the “who” question (i.e., age, ethnicity, gender, etc.) • For studies without humans, the often answers the “what” question. • Should also detail the process by which subjects/participants were recruited/selected (i.e., how were they compensated)

  6. Materials & Measures • Describing tools/instruments/materials/equipment describes the materials (physical or abstract) used in data acquisition or experimental procedures. • Need enough detail to allow another researcher to replicate the study • Should describe how variables were measured (i.e., self-reports, observations, physiological measures, etc.)

  7. Procedure • Break down of what was actually done during the study • In what order did the steps occur? • How long did everything take? • Were participants randomly assigned?

  8. Tips for Scientific Writing • Gender Neutral Language • Don’t use he/she/his/her • Use the individual/the participant, etc. • Personal Pronouns • Don’t use I/we • Use the researchers/the observer, etc. • Use an Active Voice • “The participants completed X.” • Not “X was completed by the participants.” • Be Clear and Concise • Explain your point fully • Don’t use unnecessary language to explain a point Avoid Anthropomorphism • the attribution of human characteristics or behavior to a god, animal, or object. • Ex. “The study found x to be true.”

  9. Group Task • Work with your group to list methodology details • Assign one group member to write Participant section, Material section, and Procedure • If there are things you don’t know, make a list of questions to ask your PI/grad mentors

  10. What is Open Science • Mission Statement of COS: All scholarly content is preserved, connected, and versioned to foster discovery, accumulation of evidence, and respect for uncertainty. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8nATtU3uVo

  11. Good Research Practice Good researchers • Strive for excellence and take responsibility • Respect the law, research ethics, and professional standards • Support a culture of transparency, openness, and honesty towards other researchers and the public • Maximize public benefit and avoid resource waste • Continue learning and mentor others Open Science Medical Research Council (2012) Picture from freepik.com by @macrovector

  12. Pillarsof Open Science

  13. Whatispreregistration? Preregistration The specification of a research design, hypotheses, and analysis plan prior to observing the outcomes of a study Benefits 1. Requires a Clear distinction between confirmatory and exploratory research 2. Allows ease of replication 3. Helps prevent questionable research practices Nosek & Lindsay (2018)

  14. Upcoming Milestones for Next Week • What is your research question? • Literature Review • Method Section (Participants, Materials, Procedure) • Consult with your PI/grad mentors to fill in the gaps

  15. Questions??

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