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Exploration

Exploration. SSWH 10:. The student will analyze the impact of the age of discover and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Why Explore the World?. Renaissance = spirit of adventure and curiosity God, Glory, and Gold Needed new sources of wealth

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Exploration

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  1. Exploration

  2. SSWH 10: • The student will analyze the impact of the age of discover and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia

  3. Why Explore the World? • Renaissance = spirit of adventure and curiosity • God, Glory, and Gold • Needed new sources of wealth • goods from Asia; cut out Muslim & Italian “middle men” • Spread Christianity

  4. SSWH 10, C. • Explain the role of improved technology in European exploration; include the astrolabe

  5. Technology • Technology made exploration possible • Early sailors never willingly sailed out of sight of land – made trips longer • New inventions made it possible for sailors to lose sight of land and not get lost

  6. Created by Muslims Used to calculate latitude Astrolabe

  7. Created by the Chinese Used to track direction Compass

  8. Created by the Portuguese Sail against the wind Shallow; could get really close to shore Lots of cargo space Triangular and square sails; maneuverability & power Caravel

  9. SSWH 10; A • Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain

  10. After Mongol Dynasty; Ming Dynasty Sailed to ports in Indian Ocean; 1405 - 1433 Silver & Silk Hoped to increase tribute payments to China; 16 new Officials; waste of $$$; cancelled after 7th voyage Zheng He (jung huh)

  11. Portuguese; sailed for Portugal Portugal lead exploration due to his support 1419; Navigation School By 1460; Trade posts along West African Shore Prince Henry the Navigator

  12. Portuguese; sailed for Portugal 1487-1488 Discovered the Cape of Good Hope (southern tip of Africa) Explored the south east coast of Africa Bartholomeu Dias

  13. Italian; sailed for Spain 1492; Sailed west (instead of east) Found Caribbean Island/Bahamas Thought it was East Indies Lead to European colonization of the Americas Christopher Columbus

  14. Pope, Alexander VI Portugal was getting upset about Spain’s success Rivalry between countries got TENSE 1493; pope steps in Imaginary dividing line going north & south Line of Demarcation West Spain East Portugal Portugal & Spain @ odds!

  15. Treaty of Tordesillas; 1494

  16. Portugues; sailed for Portugal 1498-1499 Reached India! Gave Portugal a DIRECT SEA ROUTE to India which is in ASIA Vasco da Gama

  17. Vasco da Gama’s Route

  18. Italian; sailing for Portugal 1501 Sailed along eastern coast of South America “New world”; not Asia 1507; German map maker named the new world America in honor of Amerigo Amerigo Vespucci

  19. Spanish; sailing for Spain Conquered Aztecs in 1521 Weapons Native groups helped Disease Hernando Cortes

  20. Portuguese; sailing for Spain 1519-1522 Claim Philippines for Spain Killed in route His crew was the first to circumnavigate the world Ferdinand Magellan

  21. Spanish; sailing for Spain 1532 Conquered the Incan Empire in South America Modern day Peru Francisco Pizzaro

  22. French; sailing for France 1608 Sailed up St. Lawrence River Founded Quebec Base for France’s colonial empire; known as New France Samuel de Champlain

  23. British; sailing for Great Britain 1769 – 1770 Claimed New Zealand & Australia for Great Britain Australia = penal colony James Cook

  24. Triangular Trade • Transatlantic trade network • Slaves and goods were carried between African, England, Europe, the West Indies & the colonies in the Amreicas

  25. Middle Passage What does this diagram suggest about conditions on board?

  26. Olaudah Equiano

  27. Primary Source I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a salutation [greeting] in my nostrils as I never experienced in my life; so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat . . . But soon, to my grief, tow of the white men offered me eatables; and on my refusing to eat, on of them held me fast by my hands, and laid me across . . . the windlass, while the other flogged me severely.

  28. SSWH 10; B • Define the Columbian Exchange and its global economic and cultural impact

  29. The Columbian Exchange • The global transfer of foods, plants and animals during the colonization of the Americas

  30. Columbian Exchange

  31. What was exchanged again? Europe, Africa & Asia to Americas: • Foods • Grains; wheat, rice, etc. • Citrus, grape banana, sugar cane, honey bee, onion, olive, coffee bean, peach, pear • Livestock • Cattle, sheep, pig, horse • Disease • Small pox, influenza, typhus, measles, malaria, diptheria, whooping cough

  32. What was exchanged again? Americas to Europe, Africa & Asia: • Mainly foods • Squash, sweet potato, peppers, avocado, pineapple, cacao bean, vanilla, pumpkin, tobacco, turkey, peanut, tomato, corn & potato • Corn & Potato • Inexpensive & nutritious • Live longer • Boost population • Good or bad? Potato Famine in Ireland

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