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“ America Expands Influence ”. Notes: Chapter 10 Section 3 and 4. I.) Territory of Puerto Rico. During Spanish-American War controlled by military 1. General Nelson A. Miles Territory seen as strategically important 1. U.S. presence in Caribbean/protection of future canal
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“America Expands Influence” Notes: Chapter 10 Section 3 and 4
I.) Territory of Puerto Rico • During Spanish-American War controlled by military 1. General Nelson A. Miles • Territory seen as strategically important 1. U.S. presence in Caribbean/protection of future canal • Foraker Act (1900): passed by Congress that ended military rule in Puerto Rico & set up civil govt. 1. governor, upper house, lower house 2. 1917 given U.S. citizenship
II.) Territory of Cuba • Teller Amendment (1898): states U.S. has no intention of taking over Cuba • Treaty of Paris: ends Spanish-American war; declares Cuba’s independence 1. Jose Marti: Cuban patriot fears U.S. will dominate politics of Cuba 2. American military govt. aides Cuban people & economy • 1900 Cuban Constitution is adopted 1. Platt Amendment(1901): U.S. provisions added to Cuban Constitution & Cuba become U.S. “protectorate” WHY? To protect American business interests!!!
III.) Territory of the Philippines A. Treaty of Paris calls for U.S. annexation of Philippines Outcome: Filipino outrage leads to revolt lead by Emilio Aguinaldo in 1899 • Philippine-American War: takes U.S. 3 years to halt rebellion; claimed 4,000 lives; cost 400 million Outcome: new govt. set up with: president, upper house, and lower house C. Becomes independent republic July 4, 1946
IV.) Foreign Influence in China • China seen as potential market for American products 1. Europe has been claiming colonies in China for years • U.S. Secretary of State John Hay issues the “Open Door Notes” in 1899 1. proposed nations share trading rights in China; no one nation will have a monopoly over trade w/China
Boxer Rebellion: Cause: secret Chinese groups who resented Western domination; attack missionaries/foreigners Outcome: combined forces march to capital & halt rebellion
Effect of Boxer Rebellion 1. U.S. fears European nations will attempt to gain more 2. John Hay issues second series of “Open Door” notes E. Open Door Policy: foundation of American foreign policy 1. U.S. economy depended on exports 2. U.S. has right to intervene to keep foreign markets open 3. closing of a country to U.S. threatened U.S. survival
V.) Opposition to Imperialism • William McKinley re-elected in 190o shows majority of Americans favored his policies • Anti-Imperialist League: opposed Imperialism; U.S. should not rule other people without their consent • Election of Theodore Roosevelt & Woodrow Wilson will continue U.S. influence around the world